跨廠區之公差分配與廠區指派

Tolerance Allocation and Plant Assignment in a Multi-Plant Manufacturing Environment

黃鳳儀(Feng-Yi Huang)

指導教授 ： 鄭元杰

元智大學/工程學院/工業工程與管理學系/碩士(2004年)

摘要

受到科技資訊的發達與製造技術不斷提昇的影響，產品設計由簡單趨於複雜化，一項產品之多項零組件是由不同廠區設計與製造而完成的，而經由多廠區製造才能完成之零組件，則必須要有一致的公差規範，才能組裝成一完整產品。是故，如何在多廠區之跨廠製造的生產環境下，妥善規劃跨廠區之公差分配與指派廠區進行產品之製造組裝就顯得相當重要。
本研究探討跨廠區之公差分配與廠區指派問題，建構兩階段的規劃模式：1.跨廠區之公差分配：第一階段主要是在於多廠區之跨廠製造的環境下，產品零組件之設計製造階段，考量產品規格要求、藉由公差圖的方法、藍圖尺寸相關之加工步驟與零組件組裝順序，列出限制式，提出在製造成本與品質損失成本的最小化目標下，將組裝公差作一適當切割分配給跨廠區各個加工尺寸作為加工尺寸之公差分配。2. 跨廠區之廠區指派模式：第二階段主要是在於考量產品規格要求與各廠區之製程能力，以確保零組件之可製造性與最終產品之組裝性，在製造成本、品質損失成本、機器設罝成本、零件組裝成本與零件運輸成本的最小化目標下，找出符合零件可製造性與成本最小化之跨廠區廠區指派。
本研究提出的兩階段規劃模式，可提供管理者在跨廠區成本最佳化的考量下，取得所有可行廠區所有可用製程之最佳化公差分配結果。而公差分配之結果，不但有助於妥差規劃製造公差更可透過分配之結果，依據各廠區之製程能力進行廠區指派之製造組裝，並避免零組件無法製造或最終產品組裝不良之情形發生。

關鍵字

公差分配、廠區指派、製程能力

並列摘要

Due to the advancement of technology and manufacturing skills, product design tends to be complicated. A product consists of several components and is made by different plants. Product designers and process planners must adequately comprehend the process capacity and manufacture cost of each procedure to program the proper working procedure and tolerance. Therefore, it’s important to distribute the tolerance among the component parts in a multi-plant manufacturing environment.
This thesis introduces linear programming model for tolerance chart balancing during machining process planning. The criteria considered in this study are based on the combined effects of manufacturing cost and quality loss, under the constraints such as process capability limits, design functionality restrictions, and product quality requirements.
The Linear programming model proposed in the study is divided into two stages. In the first stage, the assembly sequence is considered as the constraint of tolerance allocation problem and the objective is to minimize the manufacturing cost and quality loss cost of each tolerance allocation. In the second stage, the process capability is considered as the constraint of plant assignment problem and the objective is to minimize the manufacturing expenses, quality loss cost, set-up cost, labor cost, assembling cost and freight cost of each plant assignment.
In order to find the optimal solution for these two stages, this study decided to adopt software, named VB.NET, to assist in solving the first stage. The example is presented to illustrate the model’s feasibility.

並列關鍵字

Tolerance Allocation,Plant Assignment,Process capability

參考文獻

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