台灣地區空氣污染品質不良成因分析 : 臭氧影響之探討

Analysis of non-compliance Air quality factors in Taiwan-the effect

曾紹龍(Shao-Lung-Tseng)

指導教授 ： 蘇 艾

元智大學/工程學院/機械工程學系/碩士(2004年)

摘要

台灣地區在過去數十年來成功地由農業社會轉變成工商業社會，伴隨著工業化的結果所產生的空氣污染問題也越來越嚴重。
又依據衛生署的研究顯示，台灣地區學齡兒童罹患支氣管炎和氣喘病的比率，從1974年的1.3%、1984年的5.1%已提高到1995年的13%，在短短21年內提高10倍。依照行政院環保署資料(如附錄.1)指出:我國空氣品質不良成因中以懸浮微粒(PM10)與臭氣(O3)為最主要的原因。其中以PM10為指標污染物之日數有逐年減少之趨勢，但以臭氧為指標污染物之日數卻有逐年上升的現象。因此，瞭解我國空氣污染品質不良成因並設法改善，已成為一項重要的課題。
由於臭氧污染形成的原因相當複雜，且受自然現象(如風速、地形、氣候等等)影響。學者間因研究方法不同、所得到的結論也不盡相同。如何在實證上找出臭氧污染形成的原因即成為本文研究的重點之一。再者台灣地區四面環海，面積狹小且地形複雜，臭氧污染形成的原因是否南、北相同?其與氣溫間的相互關係為何?這又是另一個本文研究的重點。並依照全國各一般測站自88年至92年來所得之資料進行比對、分析、建立圖表。企圖由其中找出台灣地區空氣污染品質不良成因以及各種變數因子間有無相關連性。就近年來針對 O3污染成因研究之內容予以實證方式驗證其真偽，企圖從中發現台灣地區O3污染問題研究之癥結點。比較民國88至92年間台灣地區北部空品區與高屏空品區間相異點，企盼能找出其相異原因。以及選定PSI>100空氣品質不良日之監測站進行了解氣溫與O3污染形成之關係。

關鍵字

衛生署 ； 環保署 ； 氣溫

並列摘要

Economic type in Taiwan had became from agriculture society to industry society during these years. Air pollution made by industrialization is becoming more and more critical.
According to DOH (Department of Health) , the percentage of school age children contracting diseases of lungs and branchofiberoscope is ,1.3% in 1974,5.1% in 1984, and 13% in 1995. It’s increased 10 times in 21 years. According to the data by EPA (Environment Protection Agency ), the major causes of air pollution are suspended concrete (PM10) and ozone (O3). Among the causes, pollution by PM10 had decreased. But the pollution by ozone had increased. That is why we should pay attention to the cause of air pollution and make it better.
The cause of pollution by ozone is complicated, and it’s influenced by topography and atmosphere. The conclusions of research are difference from different method. To find the cause of pollution by ozone with experiments is our point. Besides we can find if the pollution is different from North to South in Taiwan and find out the relationship with the temperature. In this research, we compare with data from 1999 to 2003 to find out the variables of the pollution and the relationship of them. Then, we confirm the truth of the research with ozone by experiments, and find out the key points of the pollution by ozone. At last, we compare with the difference between the data in Taipei and in Kaohsiung and discover the reason. We picked those days with bad quality (PSI>100) out to see the relationship with temperature and the pollution.

並列關鍵字

Department of Health ； Environment Protection Agency ； the temperature

參考文獻

1.行政院環保署，"中華民國臺灣地區環境保護統計年報"，2003。

11.K.Wark C.Warner”AIR POLLUTION ITS ORIGIN AND CONTROL”1981.ch.1 p7.

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13Marjamäki M., Keskinen, J., Chen D-R, and Pui, D. Y. H. "Performance Evaluation of the Electrical Low-Pressure Impactor(ELPI) " J. Aerosol Sci. Vol.31, No2, pp.249-261,2000.

參考文獻︰