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  • 學位論文

輪型機器人移動平台設計與實現 —以NIOS為核心之控制系統

Design and Implementation of a Wheeled Mobile Robot Based on a NIOS Control System

指導教授 : 王仲淳

摘要


本論文主要針對輪型機器人移動平台設計與實現,輪型機器人移動平台為二輪前輪驅動方式,搭配一方向輪,控制架構是以分層設計,控制層以VC++6.0 建構機器人的核心程式並建立監控視窗平台, NIOS II架構作為伺服層核心,是嵌入式系統與系統晶片(SOPC)的應用,以FPGA 實現整合馬達控制、數位 IO、感測器訊號驅動與解讀等電路訊號擷取、以RS232訊號傳輸與訊號處理的技術,並將馬達速度模糊控制器建構在系統晶片本身,實現馬達速度模糊控制的移動平台。 輪型機器人移動平台建立後,並實際驗證平台在執行靜態移動、障礙物偵測、避障、導航任務功能,輪型機器人平台順利完成任務實際到達目地,驗證以NIOS II架構訂製核心,實現馬達速度模糊控制晶片具有良好的控制性能,也證明平台控制層核心程式的擴充性。

關鍵字

NIOS II 模糊控制 FPGA

並列摘要


In this thesis, we are to discuss the design and implementation of a Wheeled Mobile Robot (WMR). The thesis used fuzzy logic controller to design the 2 robot-motors motion controls. The driving design in this robot system used 2 rear wheels and 1 direction wheel. Altera Cyclone chip was used as the system controlling kernel. These control systems were embedded and have “System on Programmable Chip’’ (SOPC) features and applications. The motor controlling device, digital I/Os, signal detection and analysis were embedded in FPGA. Besides, the motor speed fuzzy control was built in a CPU with NIOS II structure, which can be used to realize the WMR. The controlling and monitoring programs were coded by VC ++ 6.0. We can monitor the status of motors, digital I/Os,detectors and RS-232 port etc. Through these programs, this platform has more flexible capacities for extended functions. More functions can be easily developed and increased at later design stages for this WMR . For example, this WRM can be designed to include elusive obstructions systems and a navigation system etc. The incorporation of these systems were successfully tested and performace were evaluated.

並列關鍵字

NIOS II Fuzzy control SOPC FPGA

參考文獻


【19】賈證主,VHDL數位系統設計及應用,台科大圖書股份有限公司,台北, 2004年11月。
【2】王仁華,以CPLD為基礎實現直流馬達位置控制系統,元智大學,民93年6月。
【3】劉佳芳,以VHDL 研製直流馬達轉速控制晶片,元智大學,民93年11月。
【4】鄭暉騰,四足機器人之研究發展,元智大學,民94年12月。
【13】Gabriel R. and Said Z. “A New Local Path Planner for Nonholonomic Mobile Robot Navigation in Cluttered Environments ,Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE International Conference on Robotics & Automation, April 2000.

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