航警局安全檢查隊專業英語課程之需求分析

Aviation Police Office Security Examination Brigade English Language Program Needs Analysis

歐陽芳蒨(Samantha O-Yang)

指導教授 ： 張玉櫻

元智大學/人文社會學院/應用外語學系/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6838/YZU.2008.00147

摘要

在專業英語 (English for Specific Purposes) 的領域中，大部分的學者皆致力於其子領域學術英語 (English for Academic Purposes) 的研究。而相對於學術英語，另一個ESP的子領域，職場英語 (English for Occupational Purposes) 的研究，則集中於商業英語 (English for Business Purposes)，研究所涵蓋的專業很有限，有很多需要使用英文的行業，到目前都還沒有人研究，國際機場航空警察英語卽是一例。
本研究是調查桃園國際機場航空警察局之出境安檢隊員，在執行人身以及行李檢查勤務時的英語需求，並針對這些需求發展出未來的英語課程的需求的初步教學建議。
本研究之研究方法採用問卷調查、與高階長官和中階警官的深度訪談、以及和一線員警的閒聊等方式收集資料。綜合整理問卷調查的結果與訪談資料，並採用 Dudley-Evans & St John (1998) 的全方位的需求分析模式，分析出包括出境安檢員警的學員英語背景資訊，和英語在航警系統下的角色。也包括學員的英語能力落差 (lacks)。此外尚有英語學習情況分析，調查英檢課程的出席情形與平日英語自修策略。最後，在其中的社會文化環境分析 (means analysis) 則是針對有關未來課程之執行面向，如在大環境的政策或文化面，及有關學員的態度分析。
需求分析之幾項重大發現如下：(1) 能力落差 (lacks) 顯示出員警所面臨的實際出境安檢最大之英語溝通困境在於：聽力、解釋安檢法令以及正確說出危險物品。(2) 雖然一線員警並不自知，然而從相關分析發現各項在安檢線上之工作壓力的潛在因素為外語能力。全面的需求分析，包括能力落差 (lacks)、主觀需求 (wants)、英語學習情況 (leaning situations)， 和社會文化環境分析 (means analysis) 之目的是發展出專業英語的課程目標，因此本研究亦針對未來課程做出初步的教學目標建議。

關鍵字

需求分析 ； 專業英語 ； 航空警察英語 ； 職場英語 ； 英語需求

並列摘要

In the field of English for Specific Purposes (ESP), the majority of the efforts have been put into the area of English for Academic Purposes (EAP), a sub-field of ESP. There is however, another subfield of ESP, English for Occupational Purposes (EOP) that has received relatively much less attention from researchers. In the area of EOP the focus of most of the research has been on English for Business Purposes (EBP). Although the fields concerned with EOP research have a wide scope, little attention has been paid to English for law enforcement purposes. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the English educational needs of the Taiwanese Aviation Police Office. At present, English is used as the lingua franca by police officers when communicating with the foreign passengers at Taoyuan International Airport. This study is a needs analysis assessing the English needs of the aviation police officers working at the outgoing security examination checkpoints. Based on the results of the needs analysis, some pedagogical suggestions are offered at the end of this study.
In this study, the data collection methods employed include of a questionnaire survey, in-depth interviews with the police chiefs and mid-rank officers and the informal talks with the front-line members. Based on the needs analysis model of Dudley-Evans & St John (1998), the study investigated the full scaled needs including the target situations, present situations, lacks, wants, learning situations, the learners’ information, the role of English and the means analysis. It should be especially noted that the means analysis highlighted the political and cultural factors that affect the future implementation of English courses offered by the Aviation Police Office.
The results of this study show that (1) the front-line members’ English language lacks have created difficult communicative situations for them: poor listening comprehension ability, unable to correctly explain the security examination laws and name the dangerous goods prohibited in the aircraft; (2) the underlying factors concerning work stresses are related to the inadequate English ability of the officers. The lacks, wants and the situations derived from the needs analysis should be translated into course objectives. Therefore, in this study, rudimentary pedagogical suggestions were offered based on such course objectives.

並列關鍵字

ESP ； EOP ； needs analysis ； aviation police English ； course design ； means analysis

參考文獻

張玉櫻 (2007)， 《機場警務人員英語—邁向一個整合的職場需求及使用分析》 English for Airport Police Officers: Towards an Integrated Analysis of Workplace Needs and Uses. 95學年度國科會專題研究計劃 (NSC 95-2411-H-155-002)。

Barbara, L., Celnali, M. A. A., Collins, H. & Scott, M. (1996). A survey of communication patterns in the Brazilian business context. English for Specific Purposes 15: 57-71.

Benesch, S. (1996). Needs analysis and curriculum development in EAP: an example of a critical approach. TESOL Quarterly 30(4): 723 – 38.

Brown, T. P. & Lewis, M. (2003). An ESP project: analysis of an authentic workplace conversation. English for Specific Purposes 22: 93-98.

Charles, M. (1996). Business negotiations: Interdependence between discourse and the business relationship. English for Specific Purposes, 15(1), 19-36.