影響國小家長選擇課後托育機構因素之探討─以桃園南區為例

Examining the Influential Factors How Parents Choose Afterschool Child Care Institutions for their Elementary School Kids in Sountern District of Taoyuan County

錢曉昱(Hsiao-Yu Chien)

指導教授 ： 廖淑伶

元智大學/管理學院/管理研究所/碩士(2009年)

摘要

近年來因社會結構、家庭型態的轉變，造成生育率普遍下降、核心家庭增加、雙薪家庭興起以及教育程度普遍提昇等現象。又因九年一貫教育改革的幅度過大，讓受傳統教育的父母親無法自己指導子女的課業，因而坊間出現了因應需求的課後托育機構。父母親為了讓孩童多元化發展，培養其技藝才能以及彌補無法盡到的親職責任，在經濟條件許可下，紛紛將孩童送到課後托育機構進行課業的加強與才藝的學習。因此本研究想要了解目前國小家長對課後托育機構特色的重視程度是否會影響其對課後托育機構的選擇意願。又受少子化的影響，現代的雙親也給予孩童較多的自由與尊重，孩童對課後托育機構的看法，是否會影響父母親對課後托育機構的選擇意願，也是本研究所欲探討的。然而在選擇課後托育機構時，在不同的家庭背景因素下，對課後托育機構選擇的意願又為何？這都是本研究所要進一步瞭解的。
本研究所用問卷一份兩式，白色部分為家長填答問卷；藍色部分為孩童填答問卷，一共發出300份，回收286份，扣除廢卷14份，有效問卷264份，有效問卷率92.31%，回收有效問卷採用SPSS 12.0電腦軟體輸入資料，並採用的統計方法有敘述統計分析、因素分析、信度分析、Pearson積差相關、迴歸分析等。研究結果發現：
一、家長個人背景變項方面
(1)在不同家庭平均月所得下，家長(消費者)選擇安親課輔班的意願沒有差異性；但對才藝班的選擇意願有差異性。
(2)在不同教育程度下，家長(消費者)選擇安親課輔班的意願有差異性；但對才藝班的選擇意願沒有差異性。
(3)在不同社經地位下，家長(消費者)選擇安親課輔班的意願有差異性；對才藝班的選擇意願也有差異性。

二、機構特色重視程度變項方面
(1)課後托育時間的長短，與家長(消費者)選擇安親課輔班的意願有正向關係；但對才藝班的選擇意願沒有正向關係。
(2)費用與交通，與家長(消費者)選擇安親課輔班的意願沒有正向關係；對才藝班的選擇意願也沒有正向關係。
(3)機構規模與服務，與家長(消費者)選擇安親課輔班的意願沒有正向關係；但對才藝班的選擇意願有正向關係。
(4)安全保障，與家長(消費者)選擇安親課輔班的意願沒有正向關係；對才藝班的選擇意願也沒有正向關係。
(5)師生比與師資，與家長(消費者)選擇安親課輔班的意願沒有正向關係；但對才藝班的選擇意願有正向關係。
(6)教學與課程安排，與家長選擇安親課輔班的意願沒有正向關係；對才藝班的選擇意願也沒有正向關係。
三、學童因素變項方面
(1)學童對老師的支持度，與家長選擇安親課輔班的意願沒有正向關係；對才藝班的選擇意願也沒有正向關係。
(2)學童之間同儕的影響，與家長選擇安親課輔班的意願有正向關係；對才藝班的選擇意願卻沒有正向關係。
(3)學童行為自主性的認知，與家長選擇安親課輔班的意願沒有正向關係；對才藝班的選擇意願也沒有正向關係。
(4)學童對競爭氣氛的認知，與家長選擇安親課輔班的意願有正向關係；對才藝班的選擇意願卻沒有正向關係。。
最後，根據本研究之各項結果，對課後托育業者及對未來研究者提出建議，俾供後續研究者之參考。

關鍵字

關鍵字：課後托育 ； 課業補習班 ； 才藝班 ； 安親班

並列摘要

Resent years, the birth rate got down gradually, one child family increased shapely, DINK family became a fashion and the education level promoted a lot because of the change of the social structure and the family pattern. Since the parents who received old pattern education are not able to help their children's homework. In order to let their children have multi-knowledge, talent training class and make up the responsibility they have not fulfilled in their daily life, lots of parents sent their children to the After-school Child Care agency when they have enough money. This thesis aimed to find out whether parents' attitude to the advantage of After-school Child Care agency would affect their choice or not. With the influence of one child concept, children received much more freedom and respect from their parents. Whether children's attitude to the After-school Child Care agency would affect their parents' choice of it was another subject of this thesis. The third aspect of this thesis is discussing parents' will of choosing After-school Child Care agency with different family background. These were the main idea of this thesis.
The questionnare used in the study have two patterns in one paper. The white part was for parents and the blue part was for children. The questionnare delivered 300 pieces in all and collected 286 pieces. Except for 14 useless paper, there were 264 useful paper and its rate is 92.31%. The questionnare were uploading with the SPSS12.0 computer software. In this thesis, the analysis method like * analysis, factor analysis, * analysis, pearson* and * were used. With the study result, the thesis got a conclusion listed as follows:
1. Parents' Personal Background
(1) When the family is different in salary, parents' choice of After-school Child Care agency have no difference. As to the talent training class, it was not the same.
(2) When the parents were different in their education background, their choice were different in choosing After-school Child Care agency, but their choice have no difference in talent training class.
(3) With different social and financial status, parents' choice were different both in After-school Child Care agency and talent training class.
2. The Emphasis of Agency's Advantage
(1) The length of the After-school Child Care time was an active factor to parents' will in choosing After-school Child Care, but it was not the same to the talent training class.
(2) Tuition and transportation were not active factor in choosing both After-school Child Care and the talent training class.
(3) The scale and service of the agency have no active influence on parents' will in choosing After-school Child Care, but they do to the talent training class.
(4) Security insurance was not an active factor to both After-school Child Care and the talent training class.
(5) The teacher-student rate and the quality of the teacher were not active factor to the choice of After-school Child Care, but they do to the talent training class.
(6) Teaching and course arrangement were not active factors to both After-school Child Care and the talent training class.
3. Children factors
(1) Children's support to teacher was not an active factor to parents' will of choosing After-school Child Care and the talent training class.
(2) The competition among children was an active factor to parents' will of choosing After-school Child Care, but not to the talent training class.
(3) The awareness of the independence of children's action was not an active factor in choosing both After-school Child Care and the talent training class.
(4) Children's awareness of competition was an active factor to parents' will in choosing After-school Child Care, but it was not so to the talent training class.
Finally, according to the results of this thesis, the author gave some suggestions to After-school Child Care Agency and people who will do the same theme research in the future. This thesis could be used as an reference in the coming years.

並列關鍵字

Key words：afterschool child care ； cram school ； talent and skill schools ； nursery

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