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  • 學位論文

探討糖尿病與非糖尿病病患合併腎衰竭之醫療資源利用情形之差異

To Evaluate the Medical Resources Utilization of Uremia in Diabetes Mellitus and Non-Diabetes Mellitus Patients

指導教授 : 詹前隆
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摘要


糖尿病(Diabetes Mellitus)近十年來位居台灣地區十大死因前五名中,2005年更高居十大死因之第四名,且較2004年增加13.8%。四十歲以上國人約11%至13%罹患此疾病,其併發症發生率爲14%至34%,包括視網膜病變、自主神經失調、腎臟病變及心臟血管疾病,其中以糖尿病合併腎衰竭為常見之併發症,也是造成死亡之主要原因。從醫療費用支出層面來看,我國平均每年需二百零五點六億元來照護糖尿病病患,患有併發症病患之醫療費用佔全部糖尿病醫療費用之85.54%。糖尿病所引起之慢性腎衰竭與罹病時間長短有關,糖尿病病患在發病十五到二十年後,約40%至80%之病患會進展到腎臟病變,並在發生的五年內,有一半的病患會產生腎衰竭(Uremia)而必須透析治療,不但影響病患生活品質,亦增加醫療資源利用(Medical Resources Utilization)。 本研究對象之資料來源為2003至2005年北部某署立區域教學醫院之「門診處方治療明細資料檔」及「住院醫療費用清單資料檔」,利用SPSS10.0版軟體分析血液透析治療病患之醫療資源利用情形與趨勢。研究結果發現,年齡愈大之病患其住院醫療利用及所產生的醫療費用都高於年齡較小者;女性糖尿病病患其住院天數及住院藥費較男性高;教育程度愈低者其住院天數愈多;無偶之糖尿病病患其住院天數急診就醫次數較多;合併症或併發症個數愈多、疾病嚴重度愈複雜者,醫療資源利用愈高。糖尿病病患透析治療期間愈長者其門診就醫次數、門診醫療費用愈多。糖尿病合併血液透析病患門診及住院醫療資源利用情形,均較非糖尿病病患多。由於老年人口的逐年增加,因此建議政府單位應及早規劃人口老化相關政策,以減少因人口老化所帶來的社會與經濟之衝擊;並在糖尿病疾病控制上落實疾病管理的機制,避免併發症的產生與惡化,制定合理的疾病診斷關聯群(Diagnosis Related Groups,DRGs)支付制度政策,積極推動醫療院所參與糖尿病照護,以提升醫療品質與控制費用。

並列摘要


During the past ten years, Diabetes Mellitus has been in either fourth or fifth place of the ten major causes of 11% to 13% death in Taiwan of people above the age of 40, suffer from Diabetes Mellitus. The complication incidence rate is 14% to 34%, which includes retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy and heart disease. Diabetes Mellitus with Uremia is the most common complication and is the main cause of death. According to a survey, it costs NT 21 Billion per year to cure Diabetes, 85.54% of the cost spent on Diabetes Mellitus with Uremia patients. 40% to 80% of the patients who have suffered Diabetes Mellitus after 15 to 20 years will develop neuropathy, and in five years, half of these patients will need Dialysis which not only influences the patient's quality of life, but can also increase the medical utilization of resources. Data concerning the medical utilization in the years 2003 to 2005 were analyzed. According to age, education, marital status, complication kind and complication number and these factors influenced the number of inpatient visits, inpatient stays and inpatient expenditures. The medical resources utilization of Uremia in Diabetes Mellitus patients were more than Non-Diabetes Mellitus patients. Each result showed statistical significance. In conclusion, it is very important to establish public health policies for the elderly and a reliable standardized payment rate of Diagnosis Related Groups, and to get hospitals to join in with diabetes mellitus disease management. This would help to raise the medical quality and control the costs.

參考文獻


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被引用紀錄


紀姵嘉(2010)。糖尿病患使用中、西醫門診之模式對醫療資源利用的影響〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2010.02025

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