無線感應網路下之感應節點定位機制演算法

無線感測網路是指當無線感應節點散布在欲觀測資料之區域，感應節點可以蒐集所需之資訊傳回給遠端使用者，故被廣泛的使用在各項應用程式上，例如：目標物的追蹤、環境觀測…。在無線觀測網路中其中一項重要的議題就是感應節點的定位，提供感應節點其位置可以幫助其他的應用程式增加其效能以及節省網路電力。所以定位的演算法已經有很多研究人士投入其中。在這篇論文中，我們提出了一個新的定位演算法。藉由錨節點的幫助，提供未知位置節點其位置。我們演算法最大的特色是即使未知節點周遭只有一個或兩個錨節點，未知感應節點仍可以推估出本身位置，此外我們也為推估位置錯誤去建立了一套理論的判斷方法去減低錯誤判斷的機率。模擬的結果顯示了錨節點的個數影響到我們定位演算法的效能。在比較其他演算法後，我們仍然可以藉由少量的錨節點，去得到較精準的結果。此外，我們還比較了兩個分散式的定位演算法，實驗的結果也顯示了再不同的環境變數下，我們的演算法仍然可以取得較精準的定位資訊。

關鍵字

分散式演算法；無線感應網路；定位演算法

並列摘要

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are widely used in different kinds of applications, e.g. Target tracking, environment monitoring. One of important research issues in the WSNs is Localization of the nodes. By providing sufficient node information, applications can be more efficiency in computation and minimize power consumption. As a result, several localization algorithms have been proposed to find accurate location information. A novel localization algorithm called DIstributed localization algorithm (DIL) is proposed in this paper. The DIL algorithm estimates the location information of the normal nodes with help of few beacon nodes and angle information of the anchor nodes. Our localization scheme can be used less than three beacon nodes to and location information of any normal node in a distributed manner. Besides, we give the theoretical basis for determining the localization error using probability distribution function. Our performance analysis shows that there is a tradeoff between deployed number of beacon nodes and localization error and average localization time of the network can be increased with deployed number of normal nodes. Besides, we also make comparison with other two algorithms, approximate point in triangular (APIT) algorithm and Concentric Anchor Beacon (CAB) localization algorithm. Experiment results shows that we obtained more accurate localization result then other two algorithms.

並列關鍵字

Distributed localization algorithm ； Wireless sensor network ； APIT ； CAB.

參考文獻

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國際替代計量

無線感應網路下之感應節點定位機制演算法

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