銀髮族網路交友之自我揭露與印象管理研究－以奇摩交友為例

Self-disclosure and Impression Management of the Senior on dating Site -A Case Study of the “Yahoo Personal”

周英寶(Ying-Pao Chou)

指導教授 ： 陳志萍

元智大學/資訊學院/資訊傳播學系/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6838/YZU.2011.00010

摘要

過往關於網路交友之研究，大部份聚焦於學生族群或適婚族群，其結果顯示，不論男性或女性皆會策略性的揭露正向訊息，以期能發展正向關係，男性偏好展現社經地位及學歷，而女性則偏好展露外貌及身材。然而，現今社會開放，網路交友不只侷限於上述族群，事實上，55歲以上的銀髮族群之網路交友也相當盛行，然而其自我揭露的過程若只依現有文獻作為推論基礎，將有失偏頗。目前學界與業界對有關銀髮族的議題皆集中於保健及商機，然而銀髮族上網交友的議題較少被討論。因此本研究目的針對銀髮族群探討其線上交友的自我揭露情形。其研究結果期望協助學界與業界對於銀髮族上網交友的概況能更進一步的了解。
本研究選定台灣奇摩交友網站為研究場域，分為兩個階段進行研究，第一階段運用內容分析法，系統並客觀的描述銀髮族自我揭露的情形。研究抽出312名55－70歲並有上傳個人照片的交友者，紀錄其公開於個人檔案的訊息中有關個人背景的照片類型、外型描述及個性描述與擇友條件中的外型要求及學歷要求，對銀髮族自我揭露及擇友條件的情形作一初步的了解，並與過往年輕族群文獻進行比較。本研究結果顯示，有別於年輕族群，52% 銀髮族男性不要求女性要有特別或美麗的外表，40%銀髮族女性形容自己的外貌並不出色。銀髮族久經歷練而變得更為成熟，其想法及價值觀與先前研究的年輕族群有所不同。第一階段研究結果發現，銀髮族更勇於展露真實的自我，因此，值得進一步深入探索他們如何在交友網站上經營管理自我的印象。
本研究第二階段採用深度訪談法，深入探討銀髮族於交友網站上的印象管理行為，包括銀髮族上交友網站的動機、印象管理的類型及行為。研究結果發現，銀髮族確有其交友需求，透過交友網站，拓展了自我的生活圈。而銀髮族的印像管理行為，亦反映傳統文化價值觀，然而相較於年輕族群，銀髮族更勇於展露真實的一面，傾向不過度包裝來吸引其他人的目光。

關鍵字

銀髮族 ； 交友網站 ； 自我揭露 ； 印象管理 ； 社會交易論

並列摘要

In the past, research of online dating studies was focused on single young people. The results of these studies showed young people looking for dates strategically placed positive messages to develop a good relationship online. Particularly, men preferred to present their socio-economic status and educational background, while women were keen to emphasize appearance and body. Nowadays, online dating is also popular among the senior who are over 55 years old. It has been argued that self-disclosure in seniors can’t be based on the results of the past research. Therefore, this research aims to investigate the processes of online self-disclosure in seniors. Hopefully, the results of this research may provide academia a better understanding of the processes of online self-disclosure for the senior.
312 respondents whose ages are from 55 to 70 years old have been managing their personal image in Yahoo Personal Taiwan for at least a year were randomly chosen for this research, including 208 men and 104 women. Profoundly, the results of this study show that 52 percent of those senior male daters do not request a special or beautiful appearance of the female daters, while 40 percent of the female seniors describe their appearances as unattractive. Since seniors are more sophisticated and becoming mature, their thoughts and values differ from those of the single young people examined in the previous studies. Thus, they are getting bold in presenting their true self. Therefore, it is worth exploring how seniors manage self image on the social networking deeply.
The second part of this research takes in-depth interview to investigate the impression management process of seniors on dating site, including the motivation of using dating site and the behavior of impression management of them. The result shows that seniors do have the need of making friends, and they expand their living area through dating site. And the impression of seniors on dating site reflect the traditional value of cultue, however, the difference between young and senior online dater is that seniors is braver to disclosure their true self the young. Seniors do not try to misrespresnt themselves to show attract the attention of other online daters.

並列關鍵字

seniors ； dating site ； self-disclosure ； impression management ； social exchange theory

參考文獻

Arkin, R. M. (1981). Self-presentation styles. New York: Academic.

Ashford, S. J., & Tsui, A. S. (1991). Self-regulation for managerial effectiveness: The role of active feedback seeking. Academy of Management Journal, 34, 251-280.

Bargh, J. A., McKenna, K. Y. A., & Fitzsimons, G. M. (2002). Can You See the Real Me? Activation and Expression of the "True Self" on the Internet. Journal of Social Issues, 58(1), 33-48.

Blau, P. M. (1998). Exchange & Power in Social Life (孫非, Trans.). 台北市: 桂冠.

Boyd, D. M., & Ellison, N. B. (2007). Social Network Sites Definition, History, and Scholarship. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13(1).