超高頻電池輔助式感測器系統整合之設計

System Integration Design of a Battery-assisted UHF RFID Sensor

白彥青(Ian-Ching Bai)

指導教授 ： 吳紹懋

元智大學/電機通訊學院/電機工程學系/碩士(2011年)

摘要

本論文為整合無線感測器之設計，本系統結合RFID標籤電路與智慧型的感測器。為整合兩系統，設計一介面控制器使感測器能夠依協定傳輸資料至RFID標籤電路。RFID標籤電路依照EPC GEN2協定的標準設計，其操作在915MHz的ISM頻帶，為了能夠增加其操作的距離，且增加高解析度與精確度，RFID無線感測器的部分使用電池輔助式的設計，而RFID標籤電路本身則利用高頻汲能電路供電。且為了節省電池的電量，智慧型的感測器一般情況下維持睡眠的模式，在要求溫度感測器數據的時候，以一個特別的喚醒系統可啟動電池，進而提供感測器的電源，最終在台積電0.18為米標準製程下設計並製作完成，晶片面積為0.73x0.69mm2. 實驗與量測結果顯示出其資料傳輸速率從40 kbps 到 160kbps，最低的輸入功率則是-2dBm。而內部的震盪器可產生2.6MHz的穩定時脈，編碼器可正常的將數據編碼為FM0的格式。但解碼器與喚醒電路的量測結果並不正確，在第四章有詳細的討論，而解決辦法則在第五章提出。

關鍵字

超高頻射頻標籤系統 ； 溫度感測器 ； 電池輔助式

並列摘要

In this thesis, an integration design of a wireless sensor is presented. The proposed system is composed of two major blocks, namely, the smart sensor and the passive RFID frontend. To integrate these two blocks, an interface controller and protocol is designed such that the digital data from the smart sensor can be transmitted to the interrogator through the RFID frontend. The RFID frontend conforms to the EPC GEN2 standard, operating in the 915MHz band. In the aspect of the power source, the proposed RFID wireless sensor is battery-assisted such that the power for the RFID circuit is harvested from the RF wave while smart sensor are powered by a battery in order for high resolution and accuracy. In order to conserve the battery energy, nonetheless, the smart sensor generally stays in the sleeping mode; a special wake-up mechanism is equipped to turn on the circuit as soon as the request for temperature sensing is received. The overall system is implemented in the TSMC 0.18um MM/RF CMOS 1P6M standard process in an area of 0.73 × 0.69 mm2. Experimental results show that the data rate ranges from 40 to 160kb/s, the minimum input power is as low as -2dBm. The local oscillator produces 2.6MHz for data transmission clock. The backscatter encoder can encode the data format in FM0 correctly. The decoder and the wake-up circuit cannot work correctly, and the reasons are discussed in Chapter 4. The problem resolution is proposed in Chapter 5.

並列關鍵字

UHF RFID ； temperature sensor ； EPC Gen2 ； assist-battery

參考文獻

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