國小教師師生衝突與因應方式之研究

A study on the teacher-student conflicts and their coping strategies in elementary schools

李瑞娥(Jui-E Lee)

指導教授 ： 洪泉湖

元智大學/人文社會學院/社會暨政策科學學系/碩士(2012年)

摘要

本研究旨在探討國小教師與學生知覺師生間衝突原因，了解師生衝突中教師與學生衝突化解的歷程，並進一步去探究師生衝突對教師與學生的影響。本研究方法採用質性研究中半結構式個別深度訪談，立意取樣選取桃園縣三所小學中的6位教師、6位學生、3位家長共15位受訪者，作為主要訪談對象，深入了解國小師生衝突的現況，探究師生衝突真實面貌。本研究結果顯示：一、造成師生衝突的背景因素為「家長教養方式改變」、「教師權威式微」、「社會變遷的影響」、「媒體報導的影響」四個因素。二、國小師生衝突因素方面在學生方面為（一）學生不當的行為態度（二）學生情緒失控（三）學生的違規行為（四）學生的課業問題；在教師因素方面為（一）教師權威過度使用（二）教師的人格因素（三）教師的教學經驗不足（四）維護教師的尊嚴；及在師生雙方認知的差異上。三、國小師生衝突的因應策略方面（一）在學生採取的因應策略上，最常採用的方式是「競爭」，而「尋求第三者協助」的解決方式，也有逐漸增多的現象。（二）在教師採取的因應策略上，主要採取的因應策略為「競爭」、其次為「尋求第三者協助」。四、在師生衝突的影響方面，受訪者認為師生衝突主要產生「負面功能」。五、在影響教師未來的因應方式方面，有（一）衝突前的預防（二）適時調整處理方式（三）尋求協助等三種影響。本研究結論：現今師生衝突日趨頻繁且衝突因素多樣，教師應具備更專業的素養與能力去處理師生間的衝突。

關鍵字

少子化 ； 教師權威 ； 師生衝突 ； 社會互動 ； 師生關係

並列摘要

This study investigates the causes of the teacher-student conflicts in elementary school, the conflict resolution process, and furthermore, the impact of teacher-student conflicts on teachers and students. For a better understanding of the real situations of teacher-student conflicts in elementary schools, semi-structured in-depth individual interviews were carried out in this qualitative research. Purposive sampling was used and a total of 15 respondents were chosen, including 6 teachers and 6 students from the elementary schools in Taoyuan County, and 3 parents. Followings are the results of the study:
(1) the background causes of teacher-student conflicts were “changes in parents' educational methods”, “the decline of teacher authority”, “the influence of social changes” and “the influence of the press”.
(2) the factors causing teacher-student conflicts were, in terms of the students, (a) inappropriate behaviors and attitudes, (b) losing control of emotions, (c) violations and (d) learning problems; as for the teachers, the factors were (a) overuse of teacher authority, (b) personality factors, (c) lack of teaching experience and (d) maintaining the dignity of the teachers; and the cognitive differences between the two sides.
(3) the most commonly adopted coping strategy for teacher-student conflicts was “competition”, while the second most adopted strategy was ”seeking help from the third party”.
(4) the influences of teacher-student conflicts were mainly negative in the respondents’ opinion.
(5) the coping strategies of the teachers in the future will be (a) conflict prevention, (b) timely adjustment to conflict coping methods and (c) help-seeking.
Conclusions: In view of the increasing teacher-student conflicts and the various causes of conflict, the teachers should be equipped with more professional qualities and capabilities to cope with such conflicts.

並列關鍵字

teacher-student relationship ； low birth rate ； teacher authority ； teacher-student conflict ； social interaction

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