無線感測網路中改善EAR之路由協定

An Improvement on Efficient and Reliable Routing Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks

宋建興(Chien-Hsing Sung)

指導教授 ： 劉如生

元智大學/資訊學院/資訊工程學系/碩士(2012年)

摘要

無線感測網路是由多個具有感測節點功能所組成的網路系統。無線感測器網路常常應用於較無法輕易到達的區域，由於成本的考量，這些感測器通常都無法作充電或是替換的動作，因此隨著時間以及感測節點進行偵測及傳送資料，節點的電力逐漸減弱直至電量完全耗盡，導致網路完全失去功用。因此現在許多的研究上，都是以降低電力的消耗、有效的利用電力、提升資料傳輸品質及提高路由的可靠度為主要研究方向[8][9]。
在提高路由可靠度的Efficient And Reliable [1]協定中， 以可靠度公式(LS)，作為路徑建立或是傳送資料路徑的選擇。關於電量及資料成功率的比重，調整後就不會再改變，然而在無線網路傳送的環境中，節點會因為在環境中所受到的干擾程度不同，而影響資料傳送。
因此，本篇論文是利用收集到節點之間的SNR訊號，以判斷環境的干擾程度，在干擾資訊已知的可靠度的路由協定中，即時重新分配資料傳送成功率的比重，以確保資料在傳送過程當中，因受干擾發生資料重傳的可能性。此外，在本篇論文中也考量了剩餘電力的運用，當節點低於門檻值後，就不再代為傳送節點資料，使得節點可以延長在網路存活的時間以收集到更多的資料。本篇論文模擬在網路中產生二個干擾源，透過模擬實驗來驗證改進後的路由可提升它的成功率、降低整體網路電力消耗以及收集到更多的資訊。

關鍵字

無線感測網路 ； SNR ； 路由可靠度 ； 感測器 ； EAR

並列摘要

Wireless Sensor Networks consist of a lot of sensor nodes that have sensing, communications capabilities. Wireless sensor network usually applies to the area which is unable to reach easily. Under the concern of testing cost, these sensor nodes are not rechargeable and replaceable. As time goes on, sensor nodes go detecting and delivering data under the limits of electric power. The node electricity is weakened and causes the network completely losing the function. That is the reason why most of the research papers are dealing with reducing the power consumption, valid utilizing electricity, improving the reliability of transmitting quality and improvement route of the transmission of the success rate.[8][9]
In order to improve Efficient and Reliable [1] of the route reliability in the routing protocol, with the reliability formula (LS), whether to set up path route or transmission data the choice path as the route; it will adjust the proportion of electric consumption and transmission success rate. After adjusting, the reliability formula (LS) would not change. In the environment of wireless network transmission, sensor nodes’ delivery will be influenced by those interferes around surroundings.
In this paper, we utilizes SNR signal between the nodes, in order to judge the interference intensity of the environment. In interfere with information of reliable routing protocol, we propose redistributing weight of success rate and ensure that data was delivered. The data is retransmitted from interfering with the possibility. In addition, consider the application of the surplus electricity in this paper, when the node is lower than energy threshold, it will not deliver data for other nodes. It will increase life time for the network and collect more information. In this paper, we simulate two interferences in the network. The Simulation result show that our method will have better success rate, reduce energy consumption and collect more information.

並列關鍵字

EAR ； Wireless Sensor Network ； SNR ； Route reliability ； Senor node

參考文獻

[1]Peter Kok Keong Loh. Hsu Wen Jing. and Yi Pan, “Performance Evaluation of Efficient and Reliable Routing Protocols for Fixed-Power Sensor Networks”, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS VOL. 8 NO. 5 MAY 2009

[2]Peter Kok Keong Loh. Say Huan, Long. and Yi Pan, “An Efficient and Reliable Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks” ,Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Symposium on a World of Wireless Mobile and Multimedia Networks (WoWMoM’05)

[3]Kaixin Xu. Mario Ger1a. and S ang Bae, “How Effective is the IEEE 802.11 RTS/CTS Handshake in Ad Hoc Networks?” ,IEEE GLOBECOM 2002

[5]Shugong X u. Tarek Saadawi, “Does the IEEE 802.11 MAC Protocol Work Well in Multihop Wireless Ad Hoc Networks?”, IEEE Communications Magazine Volume 39 Issue 6 Jun. 2001 pp. 130-137.

[7]Haibo Zhang. and Hong Shen, ” Energy-Efficient Beaconless Geographic Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks”, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS, VOL. 21 NO. 6 JUNE 2010