負向關係、地位、與知識分享關係形成

Negative Relations, Status, and Formation of Intra-organizational Knowledge Sharing

榮懋蕓(Mao-Yun Jung)

指導教授 ： 吳相勳

元智大學/管理學院/經營管理碩士班(國際企業學程)/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6838/YZU.2013.00156

摘要

知識分享是組織裡面一個重要的機制，組織的組織文化、常規、競爭優勢及能力能透過知識分享在組織成員之間散撥開來。但知識分享並不是只是單純的制度上的設計而是一種人跟人之間接觸的行為。知識雖能透過網路上閱讀或分享外，多數的知識分享還是來自於人與人之間的互動與接觸。由於知識分享是一個人與人互動接觸的過程，我們必須先考慮組織裡面的成員是如何互動，再從互動機制裡去了解人是如何分享知識的。由於知識分享是一個會耗費人的資源、精力、時間的行為，且不能確保能在分享後得到什麼好處，所以需要一定程度的信任感存在。此篇論文以正向關係、負向關係及社會地位去分析組織互動情形。一個社會關係裡包含正向與負向關係，本文正向關係以友誼為主負向關係則以嫉妒為主，具有相似背景的友誼圈具有較高度的信任以致於較容易發現成員之間有知識分享的行為，然而有時候我們也會發現即使是朋友群裡面，也不一定有熱絡的知識分享狀況，所以我們要探討負向關係如何影響知識分享。最後，地位也為社會網絡裡一重要影響行為之因子，地位差異代表著位階差異及資源使用差異。高地位者與低地位者對於知識分享的態度會有很顯著的不同，然而地位差距會不會因為接收到負向關係而讓人更不願意分享知識。本研究以問卷方式收集資料，收集對象為收集對象為保險業東部分公司，並以UCINET進行分析，探討社會網絡與知識分享之關係。結果可顯示，在友誼圈內之負向關係與地位差異並不如預期的減低知識分享意願，反之，可能將知識分享視為一種維持彼此友誼關係不被負向情緒及地位所影響之策略。

關鍵字

知識分享 ； 友誼關係 ； 負向關係 ； 嫉妒 ； 社會地位

並列摘要

Knowledge sharing is an important mechanism in an organization. The organization’s culture, practices, competitive advantage, and ability are sent to members through knowledge sharing. Because knowledge sharing is an interactive process of interpersonal communication, we must consider the interaction between members in an organization then interpret how do people share knowledge with others. As knowledge sharing is a behavior that needs resources and may waste energy and time, moreover, the repay and is uncertain. So knowledge sharing needs a certain degree of trust. This study analyzes social relationships and social status within organizational situations. A social relationship contains positive and negative relationships, we focus on friendship in positive relationship and envy in negative relationship. We believe that people in the same circle of friend have similar backgrounds which may leads to higher degree of trust that it is easier for people to share knowledge with similar friends. However, we also found that even people in the same circle do not necessarily have the knowledge sharing, so we have to explore how negative relationships affect knowledge sharing. Finally, the status in an organization is also a quite important factor that affects people’s behavior; status differences represent the differences in resources using. The attitude of knowledge sharing between High status people and low status people are different, especially when people receive negative emotions under the difference of status. This study use questionnaire to collect data from an East branch office of an insurance company and analyze by UCINET. The result shows that members preferred to share knowledge with friends based on common background and will be intensive with friends with whom they have a high frequency of interaction in the workplace. Negative emotions and the status difference may not decrease the tendency of knowledge sharing in friendships. The results are contrary to the prediction. The study argued that an individual probably tries to maintain friendship relationships by actively sharing knowledge with envious and envied and low-status friends.

並列關鍵字

Knowledge sharing ； Friendship ； Negative relationship ； Envy ； Social Status

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