利用PROCESS模式探討採購部門之流程再造與組織變革

Business Process Re-engineering and Organizational Change in Procurement by Using PROCESS Model

方宏文(Hong-Wen Fang)

指導教授 ： 陳啟光

元智大學/工程學院/工業工程與管理學系/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6838/YZU.2013.00236

摘要

本研究之主要目的以作業流程與組織結構之觀點，探討採購部門的組織變革與流程再造之決策分析，根據過去相關文獻之整理，研究之方法皆以調查採購組織架構的方式，及利用訪談採購人員的方式，分析其運作架構，然後進行架構及組織型態歸類，但過去這些文獻並未針對企業實際運作情況及本身特有屬性，對採購的流程及組織流程進行討論設計，故無法明確給予企業採用及協助進行組織改造之建議。
有鑑於此，本研究藉由Chen與 Tsai(2008)所提出的組織變革模擬模式(Process Re-engineering-oriented Organizational Change Exploratory Simulation System, PROCESS)之概念為基礎，結合模擬軟體進行動態分析，由作業流程之觀點進行組織結構再造之探討。本研究以某研發機電設備為主要業務之企業為分析對象，透過設定不同的採購訂單比例情境及PROCESS概念模式導入設計模擬之參數，模擬其現行採購作業流程與建議之採購作業流程，並將其模擬之結果提供企業主進行採購決策之參考。
透過模擬案例協助案例公司探討「集中化」與「分散化」之採購決策，顯示PROCESS在採購組織流程設計上的可行性，並尋找出現有流程中之浪費，以對作業流程與組織架構提出改善與建議，進而提供企業明確的改善方式。

關鍵字

組織再造 ； 流程再造 ； 集中化 ； 分散化 ； 採購

並列摘要

The objective of this study is to examine the organizational change and business process re-engineering of procurement in an enterprise. Based on the reviewed literature, it is found that most of research paid attention on conducting survey or interviewing methods to investigate this topic, while no study focuses on the investigation of procurement business process and its structure. As a result, no advice can be given to each individual enterprise in regard to what is the best organizational structure and business process for the enterprise.
This study then used the Process Re-engineering-oriented Organizational Change Exploratory Simulation System (PROCESS), which was proposed by Chen and Tsai in 2008, as the dynamic simulation decisional analysis tool for restructuring and business process re-engineering of procurement. In this study, an empirical case was conducted to demonstrate the decisional analysis procedure and to examine the performance. The results show that the performance is raised up to 55-153%, comparing to the procurement orders are processed by the original organizational structure and business process. The research findings are further illustrated in the following.

並列關鍵字

organizational restructuring ； process re-engineering ； centralization ； decentralization ； procurement

參考文獻

2. Chen, C.K., & Tsai C.H. (2008) “Developing a process re-engineering-

oriented organizational change exploratory simulation system(PROCESS)”, International Journal of Production Research, 46(16), pp. 4463-4482.

3. Kotteaku, A.G., & Laios, L.G., & Moschuris, S.J. (1995) “The influence of product complexity on the purchasing structure”, Omega, 23(1), pp. 27–39.

5. Kulp, S. L., Randall, T., Brandyberry, G., & Potts, K. (2006). “Using organizational control mechanisms to enhance procurement efficiency: How GlaxoSmithKline improved the effectiveness of e-procurement”, Interfaces,

6. Puschmann, T., & Alt, R. (2005) “Successful use of e-procurement in supply chains”, Supply Chain Management, 10(2), pp. 122-133.