紡織廠火災案例火場驗證與人員疏散之研究

The Fire Verification and Evacuation Study of Textile Factory

蔡勝閔(Sheng-Min Tsai)

指導教授 ： 林誠興

元智大學/工程學院/機械工程學系/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6838/YZU.2013.00303

摘要

臺灣經過經濟奇蹟的驗證，製造業與代工業成為起飛的最佳推動動力，而在起飛前的臺灣是屬於傳統產業的天下，然而帶頭者就屬紡織製造業；學者:「經濟要有規模且大量就看得出其經濟效益。」這句話驗證了臺灣的紡織業。臺元紡織廠坐落於新竹縣竹北市是規模最大的紡織工廠，於民國九十九年一月十四日下午五點時發生火災，火災持續延燒三小時後才順利撲滅，但於凌晨再度復燃，就在反覆延燒、撲滅下於十七日晚間九點才順利撲滅，延燒時間長達七十四小時，這是國內單一建築物延燒、撲滅最長的一場火災。保險業者初步估計損失超過十億元，這場火災燒出了國內大型建築物消防救災設備及防火區劃的諸多問題。
本研究以竹北市臺元紡織廠火災為案例，蒐集相關資料、影片、新聞、圖片、研究報告、鑑定報告及現場訪視，利用電腦火災動態模擬軟體(Fire Dynamics Simulator,FDS)與芬蘭VTT 技術中心(VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland)研發的避難模組(FDS+Evac.)，進行火災模擬和逃生避難模擬，模擬火災發生時所產生的高溫、一氧化碳濃度以及氣層高度的變化，進而改變模型設定參數，如主火源位置、避難逃生人數、改變熱釋放率、增設撒水系統的比較等，研究變動相關參數對火場逃生避難的影響。希望本論文研究對於防火工程與逃生避難有參考價值，以降低人員的傷亡及財產的損失。

關鍵字

工廠火災 ； 場模式 ； 人員疏散

並列摘要

Taiwan economic miracle verification, manufacturing industry and OEM are the best promotion power of economic growth, before it was dominated by traditional industries. However, textile industry is the leader among these manufacturing industry; it is said by a scholars: "The economy have the scale and a lot of it could see its economic benefits." this sentence verified Taiwan's textile industry. Tai Yuen Textile Factory is located in Zhubei City, a fire occurred in the January 14, 2010 at pm 5 o'clock in the afternoon, the fire continued to spread three hours and was successfully extinguished, the fire continued to spread three hours and was successfully extinguished, but again the fire resurgence in the early morning, in repeatedly spread extinguished, after 74 hours the fire was successfully put out in the night of January 17, which was the longest duration of a single building fire in domestic areas. The preliminary loss estimated by insurer to be more than one billion dollars. The fire had burned out many problems about firefighting equipment and fire divisions in the domestic large buildings.
This case is gathering relevant information; such as videos, news, pictures, research reports, inspection reports and on-site visits, then using FDS (Fire Dynamics Simulator) software plus VTT( Technical Research Centre of Finland) developed refuge module (FDS + Evac.), for fire and escape or refuge simulation. The fire temperature, carbon monoxide and gas layer height changes are obtained, thereby changing the model set parameters: such as the location of the main fire source, the number of people fled, adding sprinkler system comparison, to study changes of parameters affect the personnel refuge. The simulation result might be helpful for the fire prevention design and personnel refuge with a reference value in order to reduce casualties and property losses.

並列關鍵字

Factory fire ； Field mode ； Evacuation ； FDS

參考文獻

【2】 郭昭吟，「工廠火災災害與消防安全設施規範之調查研究」，工業安全衛生月刊/2007.4。

【21】林元祥，「建築物火災財物損失影響因素與解釋模式」，住宅學報第十三卷第一期，2004年6月。

【22】黃彰斌、林誠興、徐瑞祥，「鋼筋混凝土樑受火害時之溫度分佈與殘餘強度分析」，2006輸送現象及其應用專題研討會，2006年9月。

【41】鍾基強、董賢聲，「水系統效應對性能式煙控設計之模式研究與實驗驗證」，國立雲林科技大學工程科技研究所。

【45】鄧治東、王瓊媚，「區劃空間火場內撒水液滴行為之研究」，中原大學機械工程學系碩士論文，2002年6月。