摘要
臺灣近年由於氣候變化及人口逐漸增加且對於電力之需求也逐漸增加，對於發電及輸配電需要一完善之電力系統規劃以滿足需求，臺灣主要之發電量，約有75%來自火力發電，其發電時大量產生之碳排放量，也為電力系統規劃時，所需要探討的其中一樣議題，因此本研究希望能在總成本及總碳排放量最小化之目標下，決策使用那些設施進行發電及輸電，並決定每條輸電線之輸電量，以滿足下游之需求，在建立多目標電力發電營運管理之模式下，發展求解方法以便決策電力系統發電之計劃以及輸配電計劃。 電力系統主要分成發電、輸電及配電三部分，由於輸配電系統較為複雜，因此本研究所探討的為發電及輸電部分的電力系統，此為一多階層設施問題，將臺灣電力系統分為電廠、超高壓變電所及一次變電所三階層，經由臺灣電力公司預測之未來電量需求，進行電力系統之規劃，建構一多目標之混合整數規劃模式，以決策將使用那些電廠進行發電、購電，以及決策當電廠進行發電後，需要使用哪些超高壓變電所以進行輸配電，決定好設施之開啟後，再進行輸電量的決策。本研究將使用柏拉圖模擬退火法進行多目標數學模式之求解，並使用電子電機工程師學會(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, IEEE)之測試例題及臺灣電力公司目前之電力系統架構做為演算法之測試，並提出較適合之電力系統規劃。例題測試之結果，在小例題部分使用柏拉圖模擬退火法都能找到該例題之柏拉圖非被支配解，較大之例題在目標值上也不會相差太多，結果也顯示使用柏拉圖模擬退火法能在很短的時間內求得非被支配解。 關鍵字：多階層、多目標、電力系統規劃、柏拉圖模擬退火法、臺灣電力系統
並列摘要
In Taiwan, the population and the demand electricity increase yeay by year. So the power system needs a plan to satisfy power demand by generating and transmitting. In Taiwan, about 75% of powers are generated by thermal power plant but the carbon dioxide emissions are also high. Many countries encounter some issues not only the shortage of electricity but also the global warming phenomenon. In this research, we take into account the economical and environmental perspectives of the whole power system, to construct a multi-objective mixed integer programming model to minimize the total cost and the total carbon dioxide emissions. By solving the hierarchical power system planning problem to decide which power plants and extra high voltage substations should be used and how much electricity should be generated and transmitted to reach the customer damand. In this research, the power system is considered as a hierarchical facility location problem which includes power plants, extra high voltage substations and primary substations. Using the power demand forecast of Taiwan Power Company, we intend to determine open which power plants to generate power or buy electricity from independent power producers. After deciding the power plants opened or not, we also decide which extra high voltage substation should be opened to transmit the electricity to the primary substations to satisfy the customer demand. This research will use pareto simulated annealing (PSA) to solve the multi-objective hierarchical power system planning problem. By testing Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 9-Bus system, 14-Bus system, 30-Bus system instances and the Taiwan’s north region power system, we can evaluate effective of the proposed PSA alorgithm. The results of the instances show that pareto simulated annaling can solve instances in short time and can obtain the non-dominated solutions of the instances. Pareto simulated annealing also can obtain the solutions that same for weighted method by Gurobi in 9-Bus and 14-Bus system. Key words: Hierarchical, Multi-objective, Power system planning, Pareto simulated annealing, Taiwan power system.