微胞輔助超過濾對工業廢水中金屬離子之去除與結垢分析

Metal Rejection and Fouling Analysis in Micellar-Enhanced Ultrafiltration of Industrial Wastewaters

彭莉娟(Li-Chuah Peng)

指導教授 ： 莊瑞鑫

元智大學/工程學院/化學工程與材料科學學系/碩士(2009年)

摘要

微胞輔助超過濾(MEUF)是一種過濾技術，利用此技術可獲得高品質之透過濾液。在MEUF中，應用界面活性劑，在污水中添加在一個濃度高於臨界微胞濃度下，形成之微胞可與污染物鍵結，幫助在超過濾程序中污染物的去除。本研究以界面活性劑，十二苯基磺酸鈉(sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate;SDBS)和十二烷基磺酸鈉(Sodium dodecyl sulfate ; SDS)，添加在廢水中，使得溶液中形成高電荷之微胞，微胞能與金屬離子吸附或鍵結，再以選擇孔洞大小足以阻隔微胞通過之濾膜進行超過濾。
實驗中採用再生醋酸纖維薄膜(YM10)，在有界面活性劑下，觀察薄膜對金屬離子分離情形。實驗分三部分進行：(1)使用表面張力計，測量界面活性劑之CMC值；(2)於操作不同pH 值、金屬濃度及壓力之變因，尋找出最佳操作壓力，並觀察薄膜對金屬離子截留率之關係。最後以修正阻塞指數(Modified fouling index，MFI)及Blocking filtration law來分析阻塞機制。

關鍵字

微胞輔助超過濾 ； 修正阻塞指數 ； 界面活性劑

並列摘要

Micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration (MEUF) is a filtering technology, by applying such technology, a high quality filtrate can be achieved. In MEUF, specific surfactants at a concentration higher than the critical micelle concentration are applied to assist in an ultrafiltration process by forming micelles with the pollutants for removing the bound pollutants from the sewerage. In this research, surfactants, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) and Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), are added to a polluted water stream to form highly charged micelles onto which the metal ions are adsorbed or bound. Then the solution is processed by an ultrafiltration membrane with pore sizes small enough to block the passage of the micelles and adsorbed ions.
The study is designed to apply a regenerated cellulose membrane (Millipore YM10, MWCO 10,000) with the assitance of the surfactants and investigate the separation efficiencies of metal ions from aqueous solutions. The experiment procedures comprises three parts which are (1) determination of the critical micelle concentration of the surfactants in the water stream by using surface tensiometer, (2) Achieving best metal pollutants retention rate by investigating separation conditions of pH, metal concentration and operating pressure in ultrafiltration, (3) fouling mechanism analysis by applying principles of Modified Fouling Index and Blocking Filtration Law.

並列關鍵字

Micellar-Enhanced Ultrafiltration ； Modified fouling index ； Surfactant

參考文獻

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