應用於低照度且具有高動態範圍之新型對數-線性-對數影像感測器

A Novel Log-Lin-Log Response CMOS Image sensor with High Low-light Sensitivity and High Dynamic Range

陳明偉(Ming-Wei Chen)

指導教授 ： 吳紹懋

元智大學/電機通訊學院/電機工程學系/碩士(2008年)

摘要

此論文提出一種新型對數線性對數形輸出CMOS影像感測器。這種感測器再低亮度時擁有對數的輸出響應，在中間擁有線性的輸出響應，最後在高照度時又會回到對數型態的輸出響應。這種架構對低兩度時的靈敏度會特別的高，同時擁有0.53的輸出擺幅與120dB的動態範圍。此外相關兩次取樣電路一可應用在此電路中以減少固定影像雜訊。設計一操作在1.8伏特並具有72*54 解析度之相關感測電路與讀出電路之影像感測器於台灣積體電路公司2層多晶矽4金屬互補式金屬氧化物半導體0.35微米標準製程中實現。

關鍵字

影像感測器 ； 對數

並列摘要

A novel CMOS image sensor with log-lin-log response is presented. The pixel cell has logarithmic response in very low illumination intensity, linear response in low and medium illumination intensity, and logarithmic response in high illumination. In this scheme, the sensor is highly sensitive to very low light, while still owning the properties of high voltage swing of 0.53V (from 1.8V supply) and high dynamic range of 120dB. Furthermore, CDS technique can be applied to the proposed sensor array to reduce the fixed pattern noise. For the purpose of demonstration, a prototyped image sensor array of 75x54 with readout circuit and CDS is designed and realized from 1.8V supply in the TSMC 0.35µm CMOS 2P4M standard process.

並列關鍵字

Image sensor ； Logarithmic

參考文獻

[1] Liang-Wei Lai, Cheng-Hsiao Lai, Ya-Chin King, “A Novel Logarithmic Response CMOS Image Sensor With High Output Voltage Swing and In-Pixel Fixed-pattern noise Reduction,” IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 4, No. 1, February. 2004.

[2] Hsien-Chun Chang, Ya-Chin King, Tunable Injection Current Compensation Architecture for High Fill-Factor Self-Buffered Active Pixel Sensor, Master Thesis, National Tsing Hua University, ROC, June 2002.

[3] H.S. Wong, “Technology and Device Scaling Considerations for CMOS Imagers,” IEEE Transaction on Electron Devices, vol.45, no. 12, pp.2131-.2142,.Dec.1996.

[5] V. Gruev, et al., “Linear current-mode imager with low fix-pattern noise,” IEEE ISCAS’04, May 2004.

[7] Eric C. Fox, et al., “Wide-Dynamic-Range Pixel with Combined Linear and Logarithmic Response and Increased Signal Swing,” Proceedings SPIE, vol. 3965, Jan 2000.