不同照護模式呼吸器依賴病患主要照顧者照護評價與生活品質之比較及相關因素探討

The Comparisons with Associated Factors of Caregiving Appraisal and Quality of Life among the Caregivers of Ventilator-Dependents in Different Care Pattern

黃秋錦(Huang Chiu-mien)

指導教授 ： 邱啟潤

高雄醫學大學/護理學院/護理學系研究所/碩士(2003年)

摘要

本研究為一描述比較性研究。以方便取樣方式，針對南部呼吸器依賴病患之主要照顧者，進行橫斷式之結構性問卷調查，以了解與比較呼吸器依賴病患於居家照護模式與機構照護模式主要照顧者之照護評價與生活品質之差異，並探討其相關因素。研究對象包括居家主要照顧者36位及機構主要照顧者38位。使用研究工具有「背景資料表」、「照護評價量表」、「SF-36健康相關生活品質量表」。結果顯示居家照護模式主要照顧者年齡與病患年齡顯著低於機構照護模式者；照顧病人時間與病人使用呼吸器時間則居家照護模式是顯著地高於機構照護模式；疾病診斷方面，在居家照護模式病患以神經肌肉系統為主，機構照護模式病患診斷以呼吸系統疾患為主。在照護評價上，居家照護模式得分為90.61（±16.44），未顯著高於機構照護模式88.45（±17.07）分；若以其四個層面比較，僅有「照顧勝任能力」達顯著差異。健康相關生活品質方面，兩組於八個健康構面皆未達顯著差異。在照護評價相關因素方面，僅主要照顧者的婚姻有顯著不同，即無偶者較有偶者正向；生活品質相關因素以主要照顧者性別、年齡、經濟狀況、宗教及病人之疾病診斷在八個健康構面有不同影響。主要照顧者照護評價與生活品質八個健康構面上皆呈現正相關，即照護評價愈正向者，其健康相關生活品質愈佳。

關鍵字

呼吸器依賴病患 ； 主要照顧者 ； 照護評價 ； 生活品質

並列摘要

This study is a descriptive cross-sectional comparative research. Caregivers caring ventilator-dependents at homes and in institutions in southern Taiwan were selected through convenient sampling. We used structured questionnaires to compare the differences between the care-giving appraisal and quality of life for caregivers in the two groups. The related factors in the differences were also investigated. Total caregivers at homes and in institutions were 36 and 38, respectively. The structured questionnaires included demographic survey forms, care-giving appraisal scale and quality of life scale representing MOS 36-item short-form general health survey measure. The result showed that caregivers and patients at homes were younger than those in institutions, however, the time spent for patients and respirator-using at homes was longer than in institutions. Patients cared at homes were mainly diseases of neuromuscular systems, while those in institutions were mostly patients of respiratory systems disorders. They were different significantly (p<0.05). In the evaluation of care-giving appraisal, the scores of caring at homes and in institutions were 90.6 (±16.44) and 88.45 (±17.07) , respectively. They were not different significantly. As to the comparison of the four dimensions, only the “care mastery” had the significant difference. In the evaluation of life quality, all the eight health phases were not different significantly. In the related factors analysis for the care-giving appraisal, only marital status of caregivers had the significant difference. In the related factors analysis for quality of life, the main caregivers’ sex, age, financial status, religion, and diagnoses of patients were different significantly in the eight health phases. The care-giving appraisal and quality of life for caregivers in the eight health phases were positively correlated.

並列關鍵字

ventilator-dependent patients ； caregiver ； care-giving appraisal ； quality of life

參考文獻

參考文獻

中文部分

王秀紅（1994）•照顧者角色對婦女衝擊：護理的涵義•護理雜誌，41（3），18-30∙

王曼溪（1999）•住院老年人生活品質之探討•榮總護理，16（4），409-417。

呂如芬（2001）•中風病患主要照顧者生活品質與其相關因素之探討•國防醫學院護理研究所碩士論文。