台灣地區新生兒早產與低出生體重之研究

A Study on Pretem and Low Birth Weight Babies in Taiwan

白玉莊(Yu-Chuang Pai)

指導教授 ： 楊俊毓

高雄醫學大學/健康科學院/公共衛生學研究所/碩士(2003年)

摘要

背景:「早產」（懷孕週數37週以內而分娩）、「低出生體重兒」（出生體重2500公克以下）是不良的妊娠結果。在預測嬰兒死亡率方面，早產兒與低出生體重兒的發生率都是重要指標。
研究目的：1.了解歷年台灣地區早產兒與低出生體重兒的比率變化。2.了解台灣地區各縣市早產兒與低出生體重兒的發生率。3. 了解台灣地區早產兒與低出生體重兒各危險因子的危險性。
材料與方法：本研究資料來源為1978~1997年間的全國出生資料檔。計算出早產兒與低出生體重兒的發生率，還利用邏輯斯迴歸控制干擾因子後，計算出各變項與早產和低出生體重兒的危險對比值。
結果：早產兒與低出生體重兒的發生率逐年增加。在早產兒方面，從1978年的2.56 %升高至1997年的6.29 %。低出生體重兒的發生率由1978年的5.60%，一直提升至1997年的10.99%。南投縣、台東縣、花蓮縣三個縣市的早產兒與低出生體重兒的比率，也顯著高於其他縣市。各危險因子，如：年代、孕婦年齡、新生兒性別、胎次、胎別、婚姻狀況、孕婦年齡、出生地點、教育程度、季節…等，也都與懷孕週期或新生兒出生體重有統計學上的顯著相關。

關鍵字

早產 ； 低出生體重

並列摘要

Background：
‘Preterm babies’ (gestational weeks less than 37 weeks) and ‘low birth weight babies’ (birth weight less or equal than 2500g) are worse pregnant outcomes. Since both incidence of preterm and low birth weight are significant predictors of infant mortality.
Purpose:
There are three objectives in our study. First，to evaluate the incidences of preterm and low birth weight babies in Taiwan from 1978 to 1997. Second，to evaluate the incidence of preterm and low birth weight babies in each countries in 1997.Third, to evaluate each possible confounders the odds ratio of preterm and low birth weight babies in Taiwan from 1991 to 1997.
Materials & methods:
We used the birth registration data from 1978 to 1997. We evaluate the incidence. We also used multiple logistic regression to control confounders (including year, maternal age, baby sex, maternal education, marital status, place…etc), and we evaluate the odds radio of several possible factor for preterm and low birth weight babies.
Results:
The incidences of preterm and low birth weight babies are steady increase yearly from 1978 to 1997. The incidences of preterm babies is 2.56% in 1978；The incidences of preterm babies is 6.29% in 1997. The incidences of low birth weight infants is 5.60% in 1978；The incidences of low birth weight infants is 10.99% in 1997. The incidences of preterm and low birth weight babies is in Nantou，Taitung and Haulien are significant highly then other country；The logistic regressions show that: the incidences of preterm and low birth weight babies are related to maternal age, baby sex, maternal education, marital status, place.

並列關鍵字

preterm ； low birth weight

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