摘要 土牛入石(Cocculus orbiculatus)為一種防己科植物,世界分布於東西馬拉雅、中國、台灣、日本、馬來西亞及夏威夷地區。此植物普遍分布於台灣中低海拔灌木森林中。它是一種常用的民間藥,具有抗癌、抗瘧疾及心血管相關活性。 在化學成份研究方面,本研究從莖部分離得到24個化合物:其分別為N-trans-feruloyltyramine (1)、 (-)-syringaresinol (2)、 (+)-dia- syringaresinol (3)、 (+)-epi-syringaresinol (4)、 (-)-sinococuline (5)、 (+)-1,2-dehydroapateline (6)、 (+)-isotrilobine (7)、(+)-10-hydroxy- isotrilobine(8)、(+)-coccuorbiculatine A (9)、(+)-coccuorbiculatine B (10)、(+)-O-methylcocsoline (11)、(+)-coclaurine (12)、(+)- norboldine (13)、(+)-peruvianine (14)、 (+)-laurelliptin- hexadecan-1-one (15)、(+)-laurelliptinoctadecan-1-one (16)、oxypalmatine (17)、4-methoxypalmatine (18)、 (-)-4- methoxy-13,14-dihydrooxypalmatine (19)、 β-sitosterol (20)、 stigmasterol (21)、 β-sitosteryl-β-D-glucoside (22)、 3,4,5-trimethoxy-benzoic acid (23)與2,6-dimethoxy-4-allylphenol (24)。在所有已分離出化合物中,化合物8、9、10、15、16、18及19皆為新化合物;經癌細胞培養試驗得知(-)-sinococuline(5) 及(+)-isotrilobine (7)具有明顯的抗癌活性。
Abstract Cocculus orbiculatus (Menispermaceae) is distributed from east Himalaya to China, Taiwan, Japan, Malaysia, and Hawaii. It existed in the thickets and forest throughout the whole Taiwan island at the low and medium altitudes. In addition, it was used as a folk medicine, which has antitumor, antimalaria, and cardiovascular effects. In the current study, 24 compounds were isolated from the stem parts of C. orbiculatus. They are N-trans-feruloyltyramine (1), (-)-syringaresinol (2), (+)-dia-syringaresinol (3), (+)-epi-syringaresinol (4), (-)-sinococuline (5), (+)-1,2-dehydro- apateline (6), (+)-isotrilobine (7), (+)-10-hydroxyisotrilobine (8) , (+)-coccuorbiculatine A (9) , (+)-coccuorbiculatine B (10) , (+)-O-methylcocsoline (11), (+)-coclaurine (12), (+)-norboldine (13), (+)-peruvianine (14), (+)-laurelliptinhexadecan-1-one (15), (+)-laurelliptinoctadecan-1-one (16), (-)-oxypalmatine (17), 4-methoxypalmatine (18), (-)-4-methoxy-13,14-dihydro- oxypalmatine (19), β-sitosterol (20), stigmasterol (21), β-sitosteryl-β-D-glucoside (22), 3,4,5-trimethoxy-benzoic acid (23), and2,6-dimethoxy-4-allylphenol (24). The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by spectral techniques. Among them, 8, 9, 10, 15, 16, 18, and 19 are new compounds, and (-)-sinococuline (5) and (+)-isotrilobine (7) showed significant anti-cancer activity.