空氣汙染物質丙烯醯胺對過敏性發炎的影響

The Effect of Air Pollutant Acrylamide on Airway Inflammation

莊嘉華(Chia-Hua Chuang)

指導教授 ： 孫昭玲

高雄醫學大學/醫學院/醫學研究所碩士班/碩士(2016年)

摘要

前言：氣喘是一個常見的過敏性疾病，是經由Th2所導向的發炎反應。但隨著國家發展不斷進步，所伴隨著過度的工業汙染物藉由直接或間接的方式進入人體，使過敏性疾病發生的機率有逐漸上升的趨勢。Acrylamide是一種廣泛使用的工業化學物質，並且有研究指出其物質在高溫烹煮的過程或菸草的煙霧中可以偵測得到。最重要的是我們團隊發現氣喘病患的尿液中能檢測出高濃度的Acrylamide代謝物，但Acrylamide對於免疫反應的影響還非常不清楚。
目的:利用動物實驗探討空氣污染物質Acrylamide對過敏性肺部發炎的影響。
實驗方法：首先用管餵跟低濃度鼻腔滴入的方式模擬人類接觸Acrylamide的方式建立氣喘動物模式，分析對bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF)細胞群、細胞激素跟趨化因子的影響，並且觀察是否會影響氣喘的嚴重程度。再研究Acrylamide與其代謝物Glycidamide對樹突狀細胞的影響。
實驗結果：在利用氣喘動物模式發現，長期低劑量暴露Acrylamide會增加肺部沖洗液中嗜酸性白血球、Interleukin-4(IL-4)跟發炎相關的趨化因子。而細胞實驗顯示，長期低劑量暴露Acrylamide不會影響樹突狀細胞表面抗原的表現量，但其代謝物Glycidamide會增強樹突狀細胞表面抗原CD80跟CD86的表現量。而樹突狀細胞分泌的細胞激素，則不論暴露Acrylamide或Glycidamide均無顯著性的差異。
結論：本研究證實空氣汙染物Acrylamide在長期低劑量的吸入下，會使小鼠模式的過敏性氣喘症狀變嚴重。顯示Acrylamide是空氣污染中會影響免疫系統及肺部功能的物質。

關鍵字

樹突狀細胞 ； 氣喘 ； 丙烯醯胺

並列摘要

Introduction: Asthma is a common allergic disease that is driven by Th2 inflammation. However, with the national development and progression, the prevalence of allergic diseases is gradually increasing accompanied by industrial pollutant exposure. Acrylamide is a widely used industrial chemical. Previous studies showed that the acrylamide can be detected during a high temperature cooking process or in a tobacco smoke. The previous result from our team showed that the levels of acrylamide metabolites in asthma patients were much higher than those in healthy individuals.
Aim: We aimed to elucidate the effect of air pollutant acrylamide on allergic lung inflammation using asthma murine model.
Method: We established an asthma model under oral feeding or a low-dose and chronic exposure way to mimic human exposure. Bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BM-DCs) were used to analyze the effect of acrylamide and its metabolite glycidamide.
Result: Mice chronically exposed to low-dose acrylamide developed much severe allergic lung inflammation, including increased eosinophil infiltration and the production of high IL-4 and various chemokines.However, BM-DCs long-term treated with acrylamide or Glycidamide in a wide range of concentrations did not display significant difference in cytokine pattern and maturity, except that CD80 and CD86 expression of BM-DCs was slightly increased after Glycidamide treatment.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates the air pollutant acrylamide exposure may enhance the severity of allergic lung inflammation, sμggesting that acrylamide has significant impact on immune system.

並列關鍵字

Dendritic cell ； Asthma ； Acrylamide

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