含漱包裝飲料後，唾液致齲細菌生態變化之探討

The Ecosystemic Changes of Cariogenic Bacteria in Saliva after Rinsing by Packaged Beverages

陳美彤(Mei-Tung Chen)

指導教授 ： 黃純德

共同指導教授 ： 周振英(Chen-Ying Chou)

高雄醫學大學/口腔醫學院/口腔衛生科學研究所碩士班/碩士(2006年)

https://doi.org/10.6832/KMU.2006.00058

摘要

研究背景:
現今社會對食品的健康觀念日漸提升，低醣飲料及具有防齲效益的代醣類取代原糖成份的食品日益增加，目前一般民眾與學童攝取這些飲料後，飲料的致齲性究竟如何是我們關心的議題。
研究目的:
1. 分析含漱包裝飲料前後，唾液致齲細菌的數量與生態變化。
2. 探討飲料中糖濃度與pH值對變異鏈球菌成長的影響。
3. 探討最具致齲性的包裝飲料？
研究方法:
本研究以立意取樣，選擇高雄某國中一年級學生36名接受含漱飲料對致齲細菌的影響研究。首先，讓受測者接受臨床口腔檢查，經分別含漱三種不同飲料後，搜集其不同時間點之唾液樣本，將所搜集檢體塗抹在配製好的特殊培養基上，經實驗室檢測判讀紀錄致齲細菌培養成長的記錄。所得資料使用JMP5.12以基本統計量、Wilcoxon signed rank sum test、Kruskal-wallis test、spearman rank correlation coefficient及simple linear regression進行統計分析。
結果:
研究結果顯示，使用測試的乳酸飲料含有多數的活性乳酸菌。
也因而含漱乳酸飲料後，致齲性LB菌一分鐘內顯著性的增加。SM菌在60 分鐘後OD值提升至0.12(p=0.0070)，故對牙齒的潛在危機極大。含漱飲料前後一小時SM菌量總變化不因飲用何種飲料有所改變(P=0.3345)，但仍因添加含糖飲料使用而增加SM菌的量。在菌種的成長速度來看在測試飲料種類間，以乳酸飲料的促進細菌生長作用最大，其次為柳橙汁，再者碳酸飲料。在測試飲料糖濃度與SM菌的OD值成長狀況下未觀察到統計上顯著性相關。唯有測試飲料pH值與含漱前後口腔SM菌的成長OD值的相關最強(r=1.00，p??0.0001)。
結論:
SM菌在使用測試飲料期間，雖發現有短暫的稀釋作用或抑菌作用。但在30分鐘左右可回復原來的菌量，有促進細菌生長的效果。乳酸飲料飲用後最好立即喝水漱口清潔口腔，喝完柳橙汁(果蔬汁)及碳酸飲料後，也應於三分鐘內完成口腔清潔的動作。

關鍵字

飲料 ； 唾液 ； 致齲細菌

並列摘要

Background：
The health concept of food has been improved gradually in society. Low sugar beverages and caries prevention function of substituted sugar products have increasingly replaced those products with raw sugar compositions . After people and school children absorb these beverages, how these beverages cause caries is the topic that we are concerned.

Objectives:
1. Analyze the quantity and the ecological changes of cariogenic bacteria in saliva. before and after gargling the packaged beverages.
2. Discover the influence of sugar concentration and pH value of beverages on the growth of streptococci mutans(SM).
3. Discover the most cariogenic packaged beverages?
Methods：
Thirty six junior high school students at grade one level in the Kaohsiung area were selected and tested to find out the influence of cariogenic bacteria by gargling beverages. First, the tested persons accepted a clinical oral cavity examination and gargled three different kinds of beverage, then the saliva samples were collected at different test times. The collected tested samples were daubed on formulated special medium. The cultivated records of cariogenic bacteria were measured by inspecting and interpreting the records in the laboratory. The data obtained were statistically analyzed by JMP5.12 with basic statistics amount ,Wilcoxon signed rank sum test, Kruskal-wallis test, spearman rank correlation coefficient and simple linear regression methods.

Results：
The results of this study showed that this brand of lactate beverage tested really contained the active Lactobacilli spp. The cariogenic LB bacteria had been noticeably increased after gargling the lactate beverage for one minute, OD value of SM bacteria increased to 0.12 (p=0.0070) after 60 minutes. The potential crisis, therefore, to the teeth is great. After gargling the beverages, the total number of variations for bacteria remained unchanged before and after one hour, regardless of the kind of beverages drunk (P=0.3345). Beverages with added sugar still increased the amount of SM bacteria. The growth speed in bacteria among different kinds of tested beverages, the improved effects of bacteria growth from lactate beverages were the best. Second was the orange juice, then the carbonated drink. Under the grow-up state for sugar concentration of beverages tested and OD value of SM bacteria, it was not observed to be significantly correlated to statistics. Only the tested pH value of beverages and growth OD value of SM bacteria before and after gargling beverages had the strongest relationship (r=1.00,p??0.0001).

Conclusion：
During tested periods of beverages with SM bacteria, transient dilution function or bacteriostasis function were found; however, the amount of original bacteria can be regained in about 30 minutes, there existed the effects of promoting the growth of bacteria. Drink water immediately and clean mouth after a lactate beverage is drunk ; the mouth should also be cleaned within three minutes after drinking orange juice (fruit and vegetable juice ) and carbonated beverages.

並列關鍵字

beverage ； saliva ； cariogenic bacteria

參考文獻

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