初學者與資深衝浪者在執行功能性動作與下肢動態平衡能力之差異

The Difference between Novice and Professional Surf Athletes on Performing Functional Movements and Lower-Limb Dynamic Balance

何立達(Li-Ta He)

指導教授 ： 張乃仁

高雄醫學大學/醫學院/運動醫學系碩士在職專班/碩士(2018年)

摘要

衝浪是國內近年來越來越流行的體育活動。衝浪者需要上下肢肌肉力量、下肢動態穩定度、身體協調性、肌肉耐力與爆發力。這些能力或許可透過功能性動作的評估了解，並作為衝浪訓練計畫的參考。本研究目的為比較分析不同年資的衝浪者在執行功能性動作與下肢動態平衡的差異，使用的檢測工具為功能性動作評估(Functional Movement Screen, FMS)與Y 平衡測試(Y-Balance Test, YBT)。本研究參與者為40名介於20到45歲的南台灣衝浪者。根據衝浪年資將受試者分為兩類，5年以上定義為有經驗的資深衝浪者，5年以下則為初學者。18位資深衝浪者與22位初學者參與此研究，其中男性24位，女性16位。所有受試者皆接受FMS與Y平衡測試的所有檢測項目。研究者使用雙因子變異數分析不同年資與不同性別的衝浪者在功能性動作與下肢動態平衡的差異。研究結果發現不同年資和性別的衝浪者均無達到顯著交互作用。然而，在年資的主要效果分析發現初學者和資深衝浪者在FMS的伏地挺身(Trunk Stability Push-up, TSP)這個向度有顯著差異；在深蹲(Deep Squat, DS)、跨欄(Hurdle Step, HS)、直線弓箭步(In-line Lunge, ILL)、肩關節活動度(Shoulder Mobility, SM)、下肢抬高測試(Active Straight Leg Raise, ASLR)與旋轉穩定度(Rotary Stability, RS)、FMS總分則沒有差異。此外，在性別的主要效果分析發現，在FMS的伏地挺身和 肩關節活動度這兩個向度有顯著差異，在深蹲、跨欄、直線弓箭步、下肢抬高測試、旋轉穩定度、FMS總分都沒有顯著差異。不同性別與年資在Y平衡測試的結果上則都沒有顯著差異，顯示YBT能力不因性別或年資而有所不同。

關鍵字

衝浪 ； 功能性活動 ； 下肢動態平衡

並列摘要

Surfing becomes a popular sport in Taiwan during recent years. Surfing is a sport which requires upper and lower limb power strength, lower-limb dynamic stability, body coordination, muscular endurance and muscle power. These abilities may be assessed using Functional Movement Screen (FMS), and the assessment results may be used for future training purposes. The purposes of this study were to compare and analyze the scores of FMS and Y-Balance Test (YBT) between year of surfing experiences, in order to realize the difference of functional movements and lower-limb dynamic balance between experienced and novice groups. The participants for this study were 40 surf athletes, aging between 20 and 45, in southern Taiwan. The participants were grouped based on their lengths of surfing. The experienced group contained 18 participants with equal to or more than 5 year of surfing experiences. The novice group contained 22 participants with fewer than 5 year of surfing experiences. There were 24 males and 16 females. FMS and YBT were administered to all participants.
Two-way analysis of variance (Two-way ANOVA) was used to analyze the difference on functional movements and lower-limb dynamic balance between year of surfing experiences and genders. The results showed there was no significant interaction between year of surfing experiences and genders. However, main effect analysis on year of experiences was significant difference on Trunk Stability Push-up (TSP). There was no significant difference in the scores of Deep Squat (DS), Hurdle Step (HS), In-line Lunge (ILL), Shoulder Mobility (SM), Active Straight Leg Raise (ASLR), and Rotary Stability (RS) between lengths of surfing. There was a significant difference in the scores for TSP and SM of FMS, and no significant difference in the scores of DS, HS, ILL, ASLR, and RS between genders. There was no significant difference in the total score of FMS, neither between genders and nor between lengths of surfing. No significant difference in the scores of left or right YBTs, neither between genders nor between lengths of surfing.

並列關鍵字

surfing ； functional movement ； lower-limb dynamic balance

參考文獻

1. Alcantara, C.P.A., Prado, J.M., & Duarte, M. (2012). Analysis of the balance control in surfers during the erect posture. Brazilian Journal of Sporting Medicine, 18, 318-321.

2. Barlow, M.J., Gresty, K., Cooke, C.B., & Davidson, M.A. (2014). The effect of wave conditions and surfer ability on performance and the physiological response on recreational surfers. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 10, 2946-2953.

3. Chimera, N.J., & Warren, M. (2016). Use of clinical movement screening tests to predict injury in sport. World Journal of Orthopedics, 7, 202-217.

4. Chuang, H.W., (2006). Leisure experience and satisfaction of surfing participants in the north coast of Taiwan. Unpublished Master Thesis, Taipei, National Taiwan Normal University.

5. Cook, G., & Burton, L. (2010). Functional movement systems: Screening, assessment and corrective strategies. On Target Publications, CA: Santa Cruz.