台灣南區社區健康營造輔導計畫對社區保健志工健康行為改變之探討

摘要目的：探討民國93年於台灣南區五縣市執行社區健康營造計畫後，社區保健志工之健康行為改變及其相關因素。方法：以自製之調查問卷，完成1,650位保健志工的資料收集，有效問卷共1,271份(77%)。這些志工所屬社區包括20家醫院(27.2%)、8所學校(15.8%)、16家衛生所(32.0%)及12個民間團體(25.0%)。運用單變項分析、配對t檢定、迴歸分析和雙因子變異數分析等方法，完成統計分析。結果：保健志工中，女性佔83.3%；年齡以41-60歲者最多(60.3%)；教育程度則為高中職以上居多(65.2%)。保健志工在參加社區健康營造計畫的15-17個月之後，其體重控制、飲食行為、做運動、量血壓、及健康認知，都有正向且顯著的改變。相關因素包括性別、縣市別、主辦單位屬性、是否參與生活服務、服務是否多元、是否參加健康講座、及對健康講座滿意度。結論：本研究發現，社區健康營造計畫對於保健志工的健康行為與認知有正向影響，故建議政府持續推動社區健康營造計畫，並建立相關之研考與評價制度，俾落實健康促進政策之成效。

關鍵字

健康促進；社區健康營造；保健志工；健康行為

並列摘要

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: The purposes of this study were to investigate the effectiveness of Health building project on changing volunteers’ health behaviors and its relative factors in communities of southern Taiwan, 2004. METHODS: Self-developed instruments were used to collect data. 1,650 health volunteers were interviewed and 1,271 volunteers completed the questionnaires (the response rate is 77%). The volunteers came from the following communities: 20 hospitals (27.2%), 8 schools (15.8%), 16 health stations (32.0%) and 12 non-government organizations (25.0%). The statistical methods including univariate analysis, paired t-test, regression model and repeated measured two-way analysis of variance were used. RESULTS: Most of the volunteers were females (83.3%), 41-60 years old (60.3%), senior high school and higher of education (65.2%). After the implementation of health building project, 15 to 17 months, the volunteers showed positive and significant changes in body weight control, eating behavior, exercising, blood pressure measuring as well as health cognition. The relative factors were gender, areas, types of organizations, service participation, attending health classes and the degrees of satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS: It was found that the health volunteers changed their health behaviors and cognitions by participating in the community health building project. We suggest our government to continue the implementation of community health building projects in Taiwan. It was expected that an evaluation system should be set up for promoting the effectiveness of health policies.