屏東縣地區別國小學童家長菸害知識、菸害防治政策態度、 與吸菸行為之相關探討

Area Comparison of Cigarette Smoking：Knowledge,Attitude,and Behavior among Guardians of the Primary School Students in Pin-Tung County

陳桂琴(Kuei-Chin Chen)

指導教授 ： 黃曉靈

共同指導教授 ： 嚴雅音(Yea-Yin Yen)

高雄醫學大學/口腔醫學院/口腔衛生科學研究所碩士在職專班/碩士(2009年)

摘要

目的：
本研究的目的係在探討屏東縣地區別國小學童家長的菸害知識和菸害防治政策態度對其吸菸行為的相關影響。

方法：
研究對象為屏東縣96學年度就讀於國小3-6年級的學童家長，以多步驟隨機抽樣(multistage random sampling)的方式，針對都市、鄉村及山地國小進行抽樣，共取得有效樣本3027份，其中都市1502份、鄉村958份及山地567份，以Multinomial Logistic Regression 進行吸菸行為 (從未/過去/目前)與菸害知識、菸害防治政策態度等自變項統計分析。

結果：
結果顯示，三個地區別社會人口學分佈，包括年齡、種族、教育程度、職業、收入及婚姻狀況有顯著差異;「目前」吸菸行為的盛行率在都市、鄉村及山地分別為24.3%、29.7%及33.9%，「過去」吸菸行為分別為8.3%、10.1%及10.4%。在調整控制變項後，結果顯示於三個地區菸害知識，與吸菸行為無顯著相關；在都市及鄉村，學童家長菸害防治政策態度傾向愈不贊成，愈可能有吸菸行為(分別的OR=3.56與2.98)；在鄉村，學童家長飲酒習慣也是影響「目前」吸菸行為的影響因素；其它影響「目前」吸菸行為的共同因素有家人同住吸菸情形(分別的OR=2.03；2.13與3.99)、及嚼食檳榔習慣(分別的OR=3.92；5.35與5.13)。「過去」吸菸行為，只於鄉村有顯著影響因素，為飲酒及嚼食檳榔習慣。

結論：
政府相關單位應依地區別盛行率、社會人口學分佈及其影響因素的不同，介入實施不同的菸害防治政策。菸、酒、檳榔在台灣是很普遍而且嚴重的有害健康行為，衛生教育單位應積極介入，對不同城鄉、不同社會人口學特質，設計更精確更有效的策略，教育民眾更健康的觀念與行為，還給台灣一個無菸害、無飲酒、無檳榔的更美好的環境。

關鍵字

菸害知識 ； 菸害防治政策態度 ； 吸菸行為

並列摘要

Aims:
To assess the relationship of tobacco-related knowledge, attitude toward tobacco-control, and smoking behavior among guardians of the primary school students in Pingtung County in different areas.

Methods:
We used a multistage random sampling strategy to collect data from guardians of third to sixth grade students in 2008 in Pingtung County (N=3027), directed at three different areas : urban (N=1502), rural (N=958) and mountain area (N=567). Multinomial Logistic Regression was used to analyze the relationship between smoking behavior and its potential factors.

Results:
For urban, rural and mountain areas, the demographic analysis is different significantly in age, ethnicity, education, profession, income and marital status. The current and former smoking rates are 24.3%, 29.7%, 33.9% and 8.3%, 10.1%, 10.4%, respectively. After adjustment for other variables, attitude toward tobacco-control in all three areas are significantly related to current smoking behavior, whereas tobacco-related knowledge is a non-significant factor. In urban and rural areas, the more negative the attitude toward tobacco-control, the higher the probability of being a smoker (OR: 3.56 and 2.98). Other significant variables for current smoking are someone else in the home smokes (OR: 2.03, 2.13, 3.99), and betel nut chewing (OR: 3.92, 5.35 and 5.13). For former cigarette smokers, alcohol drinking and betel nut chewing are significant factors only in the rural area.

Conclusions:
We found significant differences in factors influencing the smoking behavior among the guardians in different areas. Area-differentiated smoking preventive and cessation programs should be highly considered in the future for better efficiency. Tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking and betel nut chewing are common hazardous behaviors in Taiwan. Policymakers should take urbanization and demographic variations of different areas into consideration when planning health control interventions. Educate the people with correct health concept and behavior; leave the country a safe environment with no tobacco smoking, no alcohol drinking and no betel nut chewing.

並列關鍵字

tobacco-related knowledge ； attitude toward tobacco-control ； smoking behavior

參考文獻

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CDC, C. f. D. C. a. P. (2008). Smoking & Tobacco Use. Retrieved. from http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/.

Chang, K. M. (1964). Betel Nut Chewing and Mouth Cancer in Taiwan. First Report: Survey of Disposition of Mouth Cancer in Taiwan. Tsa Chih Gaoxiong Yi Xue Yuan Tong Xue Hui, 63, 437-448.

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