以人因工程導入以人為本藥事工作站設計

藥事調劑作業人員，面臨著工作壓力與肌肉骨骼不適等人因工程風險，如何降低藥事調劑作業人員因職業場所不當之工作站的設計，所造成之傷害，為必須解決之要務。本研究的目的為瞭解藥事調劑作業人員肌肉骨骼不適盛行率情形；並透過人因工程的分析，尋求可能產生之人因工程風險因子，並提出有效的建議與改善設計。本研究以南部地區某醫學中心門診藥局三十三位藥事調劑人員為研究對象，進行問卷調查、BRIEF檢核表、REBA快速全身檢點表及 RULA快速上肢檢點表分析及工作分析及利用電腦建構一模擬系統進行工作站模擬。結果顯示，87.9%的人有自覺肌肉骨骼不適症狀。以頸部及肩膀78.8%為最高，其次是小腿66.7%、上背63.6%、手腕60.6%等五部位顯示有較高比例的不適。電腦模擬結果顯示，原始藥事調劑工作站尺寸似乎較為不適當，為了減少藥事調劑人員之人因工程風險，重新設計改善工作環境，設計適合於藥事調劑作業人員之工作站，期盼能降低不良姿勢的發生。

關鍵字

門診藥局；人因工程檢核表；電腦模擬；工作站設計；人因工程

並列摘要

Pharmacists, who works in the outpatient pharmacy of a hospital, face work stress, suffer of ergonomic risk factors. It demands immediate attention to reduce the occurrence of the worker’s injuries resulting from inappropriate design of the workstation. The subjects of this study were the pharmacists on outpatient pharmacy of a medical center in the South of Taiwan. There were 4 parts of this study: 1) using questionnaire to survey the musculoskeletal symptoms, 2) using the Baseline Risk Identification of Ergonomic Factors (BRIEF), Rapid Entire Body Assessment(REBA), Rapid Upper Limb Assessment(RULA) checklists to analyze jobs, 3) comparing the characteristics of three ergonomic checklist with questionnaire, 4)building a computer simulation system to simulate and evaluate pharmacy workstations. The results showed the rate of musculoskeletal disorder symptoms(MSD) was 87.9% by self-reported questionnaire and high MSD in neck(78.8%),shoulder(78.8%) of pharmacists by ergonomic checklists. The results of computer simulation indicated the raw pharmacy workstations was not appropriate. To reduce ergonomic risk factors, redesigning the working environment and workstations to fit the body size of anthropometry pharmacists.