游離的親屬邊界：女同志如何與伴侶家人建立親屬關係

The floating boundary of kinship: A case study of the way in which lesbians establish kinship system with their partners’ families.

麥以欣(Yii-Shin Mai)

指導教授 ： 林津如

高雄醫學大學/人文社會科學院/性別研究所/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6832/KMU.2013.00053

摘要

在台灣家庭脈絡下，異性戀中心的漢人父系親屬作為主要支持系統，從律法規範、物質分配到象徵層面皆有其影響力及重要性，女同志作為主體亦無時無刻都在和父系親屬結構互動，並非完全脫鉤。台灣現行法律排除非異性戀者的婚姻權以及親屬相關權利，在「一個看不見同性戀的世界」裡，女同志伴侶從相愛到決定相守，她們不僅面臨社會和法律的排擠，在常民知識與學術語言的建構上也面臨失語、無以描繪的困境。
本研究以漢人父系親屬與台灣當代女同志生活情境為背景，探討女同志如何跨越伴侶家人的親屬邊界，她們如何藉著既有知識重新定義及詮釋親屬內涵，與父系親屬結構產生什麼樣的連結及其遇到的困難為何。我以25~40歲、曾主動與知情的伴侶家人建立關係的女同志為研究對象共深度訪談12位女同志，沿著女同志與伴侶家人建立關係的敘事脈絡，分析被漢人父系親屬排除的女同志如何「由外而內」地跨越、擴大、進而改變既有親屬邊界。
本研究發現，親屬邊界是不斷變動的過程。女同志透過日常生活實作，包括食物的共享、家務勞動、家族與節慶聚會等方式，與伴侶家人建立關係、進而跨越親屬邊界。然而，越界也帶來更多模糊和游移的空間，在缺乏常規性準則的情況下，女同志和伴侶家人面臨既有秩序的衝擊、解構與重組，女同志進出親屬邊界的關鍵掌握在伴侶家人對同志戀情的態度與女同志對家意義的主體認知。最後，親屬邊界的「可穿透性」、「伸縮性」與「模糊性」，不僅點出漢人父系親結構的限制與矛盾，另一方面更凸顯邊界的動態與曖昧。

關鍵字

女同志 ； 伴侶家人 ； 父系親屬 ； 親屬關係 ； 親屬邊界

並列摘要

In terms of the familial context in Taiwan, a heterosexual-oriented and patrilineal kinship consists of the kinship network, which wields control from the domains of legal regulations, to the arrangements of material substance, and to the ideological norms. Lesbians as a subject cannot outlive the patrilineal convention that dominates the society. Therefore, in this study, I investigate the way in which lesbians establish kinship with their partners’ relatives within the patrilineal and patriarchal kinship network in contemporary Taiwan. This research aims to explore the way in which lesbians define and interpret the meanings of kinship, and difficulties they might meet during the process of establishing kinship with their partners’ families. I interviewed 12 lesbians who have had been, or have been in the process of directly interact with their partners’ family members.
This research has shown that the boundary of kinship is always shifting and changing. Lesbians could establish a relationship with partners’ family that cross the boundary of kinship through sharing the food, helping household chores, and attending family events. However, crossing the boundary means ambiguity and uncertainty. Within a socio-cultural context where a norm for lesbian kinship is lacking, lesbian couples and their families are forced to deconstruct and re-organize the order of kinship. Whether a lesbian could successfully become an insider of their partners’ family depends on the family’s attitude towards their relationship, and the way in which lesbians understand the meaning of family. The ambiguous line of kinship network and the possibilities to filtrate it reveal the limitations and contradictions of patrilineal structures of kinship as well as the dynamics of the boundary of kinship network.

並列關鍵字

lesbian ； partner’s family ； Chinese kinship ； patrilineage ； kin boundary

參考文獻

中文文獻

王明珂（1997）《華夏邊緣：歷史記憶與族群認同》。台北：允晨文化。

台灣伴侶權益推動聯盟（2012）《「台灣同志壓力處境問卷」調查結果初步分析》。

http://tapcpr.wordpress.com/2012/04/17/%e3%80%8c%e5%8f%b0%e7%81%a3%e5%90%8c%e5%bf%97%e5%a3%93%e5%8a%9b%e8%99%95%e5%a2%83%e5%95%8f%e5%8d%b7%e3%80%8d%e8%aa%bf%e6%9f%a5%e7%b5%90%e6%9e%9c%e5%88%9d%e6%ad%a5%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90-9/

同志家庭家庭權益促進會〈2012）〈婚姻是我們對生命的一個承諾〉。