Melaqi：泰雅族四季村婦女在家生產之部落經驗（1950-1975）

這是一份從原住民婦女在家生產經驗出發的研究。藉由泰雅族四季部落婦女早期在家中生產的經驗，協助我們了解部落婦女生產的方式、經歷，以及泰雅族四季部落早期的生活樣貌是如何造就婦女在部落、在家中生產。本研究採質性研究的民族誌方法，以「泰雅族四季部落」作為研究田野，參與觀察部落的生活，並以六位部落婦女為受訪對象，由她們說出自己的生產故事與經驗，增進我們對原住民部落傳統生產方式的理解，也呈現更多元與異質的台灣女性獨特的生產經驗。本研究發現早期四季部落婦女生產環境為自己的家屋，前來協助接生者通常為婆婆、母親與先生或家屋鄰近具生產經驗的婦女。且會因為家屋的型態而有不同的協助者。另外部落當時雖然有曾經接受日治時期短期研習的番人助產士以及國民政府在部落配置的衛生室助產士，都並未完全取代部落傳統的生產模式。另外，以家屋為出發點。家屋不只是生產生育的環境，也承接共同養育、照顧的責任之所在。四季部落婦女的生產經驗與故事，是貫穿這份研究的核心。生產並非僅是醫學名詞的解釋，更是社會文化現象，也是女性最珍貴且獨特的歷程。藉由部落婦女的生產經驗除了增添對於部落文化的看見與理解，更補足了台灣女性生產圖像的多元樣貌。

關鍵字

原住民女性；泰雅族；生產文化

並列摘要

This is a study based on the home birth experiences of indigenous women. The experiences of early Atayal Skikun tribe women who gave birth at home help us to understand the ways and the experiences of tribal women’s childbirth, and how the lifestyle of early Atayal Skikun tribe made women give birth in the tribe and at home. The study uses ethnographic method of qualitative research, using "Atayal Skikun Tribe" as research field, participating in the observation of tribal life, and interviewing six tribal women, who told their own stories and experiences of childbirth. The study enhances our understanding of indigenous tribal culture of childbirth, and presents more diverse and heterogeneous Taiwanese women’s unique childbirth experience. The study found that the childbirth of early Skikun tribe women take place at their home, those who help delivering the child were usually mother-in-law, mother and husband, or neighbor women with childbirth experience, and the assistants may be different depending on the type of house. In addition, although in Skikun tribe, there had indigenous midwives who had received short-term training during the Japanese Colonial Period and clinical midwives deployed by Nationalist Government at the time; they did not completely replace the traditional ways of childbirth within the tribe. Furthermore, to take the house as a starting point, it is not only a place for childbirth and reproduction, but also where the responsibility of joint nurturing and care is located in. The core of this study is the childbirth experiences and stories of Skikun tribe women. Childbirth is not just an explanation of medical terms, it is also a social and cultural phenomenon, and the most precious and unique journey of women. The childbirth experience of tribal women not only increases the perception and understanding of tribal culture, but also complements the diversity of Taiwanese women's childbirth images.