社區高齡者口腔機能與口腔健康生活品質之相關性探討

Relationship between Oral Function and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Community-Dwelling Elderly

莊妍甄(Yen-Chen Chuang)

指導教授 ： 劉秀月

高雄醫學大學/口腔醫學院/口腔衛生學系碩士在職專班/碩士(2019年)

摘要

研究背景：台灣已成為高齡社會，增進健康生活品質是高齡者重要且關鍵的事。口腔機能的衰弱可能使身體機能下降，進而影響口腔健康生活品質。
研究目的：了解社區高齡者之口腔機能及口腔健康生活品質現況，進而探討高齡者口腔機能及社會人口學之相關性，試圖找出影響高齡者口腔機能與口腔健康生活品質之影響因子。
研究方法：本研究為橫斷性研究，採立意取樣。調查了居住於社區、65歲以上高齡者為150位，平均年齡為78.09歲。調查內容包含口腔檢查、口腔機能評估及量測與問卷量表調查。口腔檢查由一位牙醫師施行。口腔機能評估及量測，包含口腔細菌量、口腔水分狀況、口唇運動機能、舌壓。問卷與量表內容包含：基本資料、吞嚥能力、口腔健康生活品質評估，由同一位訪員進行面談填答。以功能牙數、口腔細菌量、口腔水分狀況、口唇運動能力，舌壓以及進食和吞嚥方面的主觀困難(Eating Assessment Tool , EAT-10)量測口腔機能狀況。最後以迴歸找出影響口腔健康生活品質之影響因子。
研究結果：GOHAI (Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index) 平均分數為40.05小於50分，為低口腔健康生活品質。性別、教育程度、功能牙數及舌壓，為口腔健康生活品質之相關影響因子。
結論：口腔機能影響口腔健康生活品質，若能早期預防口腔機能衰弱對於高齡者而言，應可促進與提升其生活品質。

關鍵字

社區 ； 口腔機能低下 ； 高齡者 ； 口腔健康 ； 生活品質

並列摘要

Background:
Taiwan has entered a senior society in 2018. Improving the quality of healthy living is important for the elderly. Oral frailty would reduce the oral function and affect the Oral Health Related Quality Of Life (OHRQoL).
Objective:
The purposes of this study were (1) to evaluate the status of oral function and OHRQoL in community-dwelling elderly, (2) exploring the correlation between oral function and OHRQoL in elderly peop le, (3) identify the factors that influence the OHRQoL oral function of the elderly.
Material and methods:
This was a cross-sectional study. Subjects aged equal or over 65 years old. Total were 150 community-dwelling who independently living elderly (mean age, 78.09 years). Examination, and questionnaire were conducted in this study. Demographic data, self-perceived health, subjective difficulties in swallowing and OHRQoL by Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI-T) were collected via questionnaire by face to face interview. Number of natural teeth examination by a dentist. Oral function include of the 6 measures (number of natural teeth, poor oral hygiene, oral dryness, articulatory oral motor skill, tongue pressure and swallowing function).
Results:
They had the average score of GOHAI was 40.05 belong with a low rating oral health quality of life. Gender, education level, number of functional teeth, tongue pressure, had a positive correlation with GOHAI score.
Conclusion:
Oral function is an important risk factor for oral healthy quality of life in community-dwelling elderly. Preventing oral frailty at an earlier stage and improving the oral function is helpful for increasing the OHRQoL of elderly people.

並列關鍵字

Community ； Oral function ； Hypofunction ； Elderly ； Oral health ； Quality of life

參考文獻

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