感染人類免疫缺乏病毒男性毒品注射者 保險套使用行為意圖及相關因素探討

The intention of condom use behavior and related factors among male injection drug users infected with human immunodeficiency virus

黃小純(Hsiao-Chun Huang)

指導教授 ： 王瑞霞

高雄醫學大學/護理學院/護理學系研究所/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6832/KMU.2008.00114

摘要

本研究是應用計畫行為理論模式來探討有性經驗感染人類免疫缺乏病毒男性毒品注射者(1)保險套使用行為意圖；(2)個人背景因素、AIDS知識、態度、主觀規範、知覺行為控制與保險套使用行為意圖之間的關係；(3)保險套使用行為意圖之重要解釋因子。
以立意取樣的方式，在南部兩所監獄以男性、經確認感染HIV、有性經驗及入監前曾是毒品注射者為研究對象，共計回收有效問卷為211份。測量工具為結構式問卷，包括個人基本資料、愛滋病認知、保險套使用行為態度、保險套使用行為主觀規範、保險套使用行為知覺行為控制及保險套使用行為意圖等。量表經信度與效度檢定，包括專家效度、內部一致性信度、再測信度。所得資料以次數分佈、百分比、平均值、標準差、t檢定、單因子變異性分析、皮爾森積差相關、逐步複迴歸分析。
研究結果發現：(1)固定及非固定性伴侶在陰道性交及口交性行為保險套使用行為意圖有顯著差異；(2)婚姻及教育程度對保險套使用行為意圖無顯著差異；年齡愈小者保險套使用行為意圖愈高；(3)愛滋病知識得分愈高，肛交性行為之保險套使用行為意圖愈高；(4)保險套使用行為意圖之態度愈正向者，固定性伴侶的陰道性交及肛交性行為保險套使用行為意圖愈高，非固定性伴侶的陰道性交、口交及肛交性行為保險套使用行為意圖愈高；(5)保險套使用行為意圖之主觀規範及知覺行為控制愈正向者，其在固定及非固定性伴侶陰道性交、口交及肛交性行為保險套使用行為意圖愈高；(6)在固定性伴侶陰道性交、口交及肛交保險套使用行為意圖之重要解釋因子分別為主觀規範及知覺行為控制；知覺行為控制及主觀規範；主觀規範及態度；可解釋總變異量為26.1%、17.2%、13.7%；(7)在非固定性伴侶陰道性交、口交及肛交保險套使用行為意圖方面之重要解釋因子分別為主觀規範、態度及知覺行為控制；主觀規範及知覺行為控制；主觀規範、愛滋病知識及知覺行為控制；可解釋總變異量為36.5%、20.3%、23.6%。
根據本研究的結果，可作為未來愛滋病預防的參考，並提供未來研究方向的建議。
關鍵字：保險套使用行為意圖、毒品注射者、計畫行為理論、人類免疫缺乏病毒

關鍵字

保險套使用行為意圖 ； 毒品注射者 ； 計畫行為理論 ； 人類免疫缺乏病毒

並列摘要

Abstract
The study applied planned behavior theory to illuminate understanding: (1) condom use behavior intention; (2) personal background data, knowledge of AIDS, attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control of condom use behavior intention; and (3) important explanatory factors of condom use behavior intention among males and sexually experienced injection drug users infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
The samples were selected from two prisons in the south of Taiwan. Samples were males infected with HIV, sexual experiences and drug injectors. The total number of effective samples was 211. This study used a constructed questionnaire including 6 parts. They were personal background, knowledge of AIDS, attitude of condom use, subjective norm of condom use, perceived behavioral control of condom use, and condom use behavioral intention. The questionnaire was tested for its reliability and validity, including content-related validity, internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Data analysis included percentage, means, standard deviation, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s product moment correlation, and stepwise multiple regression.
The results showed that: (1) main and nonmain sexual partners with vaginal and oral intercourse significantly differ in the intention of condom use behavior; (2) marriage status and educational level not significantly related to condom use behavioral intention, furthermore; younger persons intended to use condom more than older ones; (3) knowledge of AIDS significantly correlated to condom use behavioral intention on both main and nonmain sexual partners with anal intercourse; (4) the attitude significantly positive correlated with condom use behavior intention on main sexual partners with vaginal and anal intercourse, and nonmain sexual partners with vaginal, oral, anal intercourse; (5) subjective norm and perceived behavioral control significantly positively correlated with condom use behavioral intention on both main and nonmain sexual partners with vaginal, oral, and anal intercourse ; (6) the important explanatory factors of condom use behavioral intention on main sexual partners in vaginal, oral, and anal intercourse were subjective norm and perceived behavioral control; perceived behavioral control and subjective norm; and subjective norm and attitude. The total amount of explained variance of these was 26.1%, 17.2% and 13.7%; (7) the important explanatory factors of condom use behavioral intention on nonmain sexual partners in vaginal, oral, and anal intercourse were subjective norm, attitude and perceived behavioral control; subjective norm and perceived behavioral control; subjective norm, knowledge of AIDS and perceived behavioral control . The total amount of explained variance of these was 36.5%, 20.3% and 23.6%.
Results of this study could be a reference for AIDS prevention program and provide suggestions for future research.
Key words: condom use behavioral intention, planned behavior theory, injection drug user, human immunodeficiency virus

並列關鍵字

condom use behavioral intention ； planned behavior theory ； injection drug user ； Human Immunodeficiency Virus

參考文獻

Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitude, intention, and behavior: An introduction to theory and research. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.

參考文獻

一、中文文獻

丁志音、陳欣欣（2000）．預防為最上策--民眾的愛滋病性病防治信念與對保險套的看法．中華公共衛生雜誌， 19（3），180-191。

內政部（2006）．我國15歲以上人口教育程度統計．2008年04月12日取自http://sowf.moi.gov.tw/sta t/week/week9618.doc