縫紉機操作員肌肉骨骼傷害調查

Musculoskeletal disorder survey of sewing machine operators

吳佩紋(Pei-Wen Wu)

指導教授 ： 彭瓊瑜

共同指導教授 ： 呂怡靜(Yi-Jing Lu)

高雄醫學大學/健康科學院/公共衛生學系職業安全衛生碩士班/碩士(2019年)

摘要

縫紉機操作員工作型態多轉型為修改衣服、客製化衣著等為主，總體來說其年齡、年資較長、工作時間較有彈性、且需做家事，這些特質使得職業原因引起的肌肉骨骼傷害判定之困難，這群勞工之肌肉骨骼不適是值得探討的議題。本研究的目的為了解縫紉機操作員常見之肌肉骨骼傷害(musculoskeletal disorders，MSDs)及可能影響因素，並給予建議。本研究使用北歐肌肉骨骼不適問卷(Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire, NMQ)，藉由問卷蒐集人口學、暴露資料與自覺症狀等。蒐集42位熟悉操作工業用裁縫車、年資五年以上且期間未轉換工作，目前為縫紉機操作員為職業的個案，由問卷資料了解縫紉機操作員過去半年自覺肌肉骨骼疼痛情形。研究結果顯示縫紉機操作員肌肉骨骼不適部位集中於肩頸、手臂、背部等部位；年資大於44年及年齡大於60歲高齡資深個案肌肉骨骼不適部位並無較多的現象，反觀年齡較小且年資較短個案不適部位超過3個人數比例最高；個案肌肉骨骼不適部位數與工作型態有顯著差異(p<0.05)，相較於自營工作者，加工廠勞工之工作自主較低、工作量較大，為造成差異之顯著差異之可能原因。由結果發現眼睛與背部為主要不適之部位，因此，建議縫紉機操作員應參考職安法規範內容，擬定作業環境照度、座椅設計及安排休息時間，以改善眼睛及背部不適問題。

關鍵字

縫紉機操作員 ； 肌肉骨骼傷害 ； 人因性危害

並列摘要

Sewing machine operators mainly work on clothing alteration and custom-made clothes in Taiwan. Generally, these workers are older, and have longer working year, more flexible working time than the other groups of workers, such as workers in manufacturing industry. These characteristics make it difficult to differentiate work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). Therefore, the objectives of this study were to understand prevalent musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among sewing machine workers, to identify possible causes of MSDs, and to provide suggestions for mitigating MSDs. Forty-two participants were recruited with at least 5 years of working experience. The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) was used to obtain demographic data and musculoskeletal disorders information for the past six months. Results demonstrated that neck, shoulder, arms and back discomfort were highly prevalent among these sewing machine operators. There was no difference in the prevalence of musculoskeletal discomfort between workers with working experience more than 44 years / more than 60 years old and workers at other working experience or age groups. However, young workers with short working experience had the highest percentage showing discomfort parts more than 3. The working pattern and musculoskeletal disorders appeared significant difference (p<0.05). The possible reason was factory workers had less job control and heavy workload than self-employed workers did. Our results indicated the highest prevalence rates were in the eye and back. Therefore, sewing machine operators should follow Occupational Safety and Health Act guidelines for light illuminance, seat design and rest time to mitigate MSDs of eyes and necks.

並列關鍵字

sewing machine operator ； musculoskeletal disorders ； ergonomic factors

參考文獻

參考文獻

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