產後哺餵母乳婦女之幸福感及其相關因素之探討

本研究之目的為探討產後哺餵母乳婦女之幸福感及其相關影響因素。為一橫斷性、相關性研究設計，採方便取樣，於南部某婦兒科專科醫院，以結構式問卷進行產後一個月內、無母嬰合併症之哺餵母乳婦女的資料收集。研究工具包括：個人基本屬性、壓力知覺量表、社會支持量表以及短版牛津幸福量表，共得有效問卷203份，所得資料使用JMP9套裝軟體以次數分配表、百分比、平均值、標準差、t檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關分析以及逐步複迴歸等進行統計分析。研究結果顯示：（1）產後哺餵母乳婦女之教育程度、婚姻狀態以及職業於幸福感達統計上顯著差異。（2）壓力知覺量表與幸福感量表呈顯著負相關；社會支持量表與幸福感量表呈顯著正相關。（3）婚姻狀態、壓力知覺以及社會支持為產後哺餵母乳婦女之幸福感的重要預測因子，可解釋之總變異量為54.25％，而社會支持為最重要之預測因子。本研究結果可提供臨床專業護理人員對於產後哺餵母乳婦女之幸福感有更進一步的了解；亦可作為其有效運用及時性、適切性的評估與照護之參考依據，進而改善婦女幸福感。

關鍵字

產後婦女；哺餵母乳；幸福感

並列摘要

The study was to explore the happiness and its related factors in postpartum breastfeeding mothers. A cross-sectional correlational design with convenience sampling from a gynecology and pediatrics hospital in southern Taiwan was used. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data from breastfeeding mothers who had no mother-infant comorbidities within the first month postpartum. Instruments included a demographic sheet, the Perceived Stress Scale, the Social Support Scale, and the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire short-form. A total of 203 valid questionnaires were returned. Using the JMP9 statistical software, the obtained data were analyzed by frequency distribution, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson product-moment correlation, and stepwise multiple regression. The results indicated as follows: (1) there were statistically significant differences in happiness with respect to educational level, marital status, and occupation of postpartum breastfeeding mothers, (2) the happiness scale was negatively correlated with the Perceived Stress Scale, but positively correlated with the Social Support Scale, and (3) marital status, perceived stress, and social support were important predictors of quality of life in postpartum breastfeeding mothers, which explained 54.25% of the total variance. The social support was the most important predictor. The study results could not only help clinical professional nursing staff further understand the quality of life in postpartum breastfeeding mothers but also facilitate them in providing assessment and care with timeliness and appropriateness to further improve the quality of life in women.