NLRP3相關路徑在高糖與高度糖化終產物對腎膈及單核球細胞所致效應的角色

Roles of NLRP3-related pathways in advanced glycation end product-induced effects in mesangial cells and monocytes

杜綺瑩(Chi-Ying Du)

指導教授 ： 莊麗月

高雄醫學大學/醫學院/醫學研究所碩士班/碩士(2018年)

摘要

糖尿病腎病變 (DN)為糖尿病患者嚴重的併發症，與發炎及高度糖化終產物及TGF-β受器有關。NLRP3 發炎小體在體內扮演促發炎的角色，高糖會誘導NLRP3經由去泛素化或者ROS影響結合ASC與pro-caspase-1結合成發炎小體，進而去活化IL-1β與IL-18，誘發下游發炎反應。在NLRP3 基因剔除小鼠或使用IL1R1抑制劑治療的小鼠能避免糖尿病所誘發的腎病變。NLRP3會促使TGF-β-Smad3路徑激活，且TGF-β1能刺激促進上皮細胞間質轉化，但是NLRP3在糖尿病腎病變過程中，對單核球細胞及腎臟細胞的之間的相互作用以及所扮演的角色仍然未知。故以Mes-13 (小鼠腎膈細胞)與THP-1 (人類單核球細胞)為對象，外加高糖與高度糖化終產物模擬糖尿病探討NLRP3蛋白質表現與下游生理效應之調控。
在Mes-13細胞中，高糖與高度糖化終產物增加了NLRP3、ASC 等蛋白質，並且活化了caspase-1與IL-1β，但經高度糖化終產物刺激後並不增加 COX-2表現。在THP1細胞中，高度糖化終產物增加了NLRP3、ASC、COX2、TGF-β1、UCHL5、caspase-1等蛋白質的表現，並活化IL-1β，而NLRP3基因抑制的THP-1細胞中能逆轉高度糖化終產物產生COX, ASC, pro-caspase-1, IL-1β的表現。在 Transwell細胞轉移試驗中，發現Mes-13細胞經由高度糖化終產物刺激後可促進THP-1細胞轉移增加。最後於STZ誘導的8週糖尿病小鼠腎臟內發現NLRP3高度表現於腎小管。
綜合以上結果，NLRP3相關路徑可能可以作為治療DN的新標靶。

關鍵字

NLRP3發炎體 ； 糖化終產物 ； 高糖 ； 糖尿病腎病變

並列摘要

Diabetic nephropathy is a major cause of end stage renal disease, associated with inflammation, receptor for advanced glycation end product (RAGE) and TGF-receptor (TGF-R). NLRP3 (nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3) inflammasome is pro-inflammatory. NLRP3 is activated by deubiquitinases or signal (e.g. ATP)-induced mitochondrial ROS to oligomerize with ASC and pro-caspase 1 to form an inflammasome, which activates IL-1β and IL-18. NLRP3 knockout and IL1R1 inhibitor-treated mice are protected from diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, the roles of NLRP3 inflammasome in DN were not proven because NLRP3 also has inflammasome-independent effects to active of the TGF-β-Smad3 pathway, but the roles of the cross-talk between monocyte and renal cells in terms of NLRP3 are not known. Thus, we studied the roles of NLRP3 in DN.
We found that in Mes-13 (mouse mesangial) cells, high glucose (HG, 30 mM) increased NLRP3, ASC, and active caspase-1 and IL-1β levels. Concomitantly, HG increased TGF-β1 and UCHL5 levels. Advanced glycation end-products increased NLRP3, active caspase-1/IL-1β and TGF-β1, but not COX2 levels. In THP1 (human monocyte) cells, HG increased NLRP3, UCHL5 and TGF-β1, but not ASC levels. AGE increased NLRP3, ASC, UCHL5, active caspase 1 and COX2 levels in THP1 cells. Transwell studies showed that AGE-treated Mes-13 cells increased THP1 cell migration. Finally, we found that NLRP3 has a high level of tubular expression in the streptozotocin-diabetic mice at the 8th week.
Thus, HG-and AGE-induced NLRP3-related pathways in Mes-13 and THP1 cells and NLRP3 (inflammasome-dependent or inflammasome-independent) may be a novel target for the treatment of DN.

並列關鍵字

NLRP3 inflammasome ； Diabetic nephropathy ； advanced glycation end product ； high glucose

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