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  • 學位論文

脊髓肌肉萎縮症與裘馨氏肌肉失養症兒童青少年自我概念及生活品質之探討

An investigation of self-concept and quality of life in children and adolescents with spinal muscular atrophy and Duchenne muscular dystrophy

指導教授 : 吳進欽

摘要


研究背景與目的:脊髓肌肉萎縮症(spinal muscular atrophy, SMA)與裘馨氏肌肉失養症(Duchenne muscular dystrophy, DMD)為兒童神經肌肉疾病中發生率最高的兩種遺傳性罕見疾病,主要症狀表現為漸進式肌無力及萎縮,目前尚無根治辦法。醫學研究目前針對SMA與DMD進行許多藥物、基因與細胞植入的實驗,然而此二類患者心理層面的研究卻相對極少。本研究之主要目的為探索SMA與DMD的兒童青少年,在自我概念和生活品質與一般兒童青少年是否有所不同,以及患者之肢體功能與自我概念、生活品質間的關聯。研究方法:研究對象為71位年齡介於11-17歲之兒童青少年,包含以下三個組別:一、疾病組(n = 33,13.09 ± 1.89歲):SMA/DMD患者。二、手足組(n = 16,13.69 ± 1.85歲):前述肌肉萎縮症患者之健康手足;三、控制組(n = 24,12.50 ± 1.50歲):未罹患任何相關疾病之健康參與者。研究工具包含:田納西自我概念量表學生版、學生版全面性生活品質量表及上下肢功能性分級量表。研究結果:結果顯示SMA/DMD兒童青少年的自我概念不比一般兒童青少年差,甚至在多數層面高於一般兒童青少年。另外,SMA/DMD兒童青少年與一般兒童青少年在客觀的生活品質測量並無差異,但在主觀感受生活品質的物質、成就感、快樂感分向度高於一般兒童青少年。另外,研究結果發現,上肢活動功能和客觀生活品質中的健康分向度及主觀生活品質中的親密感與安全感兩分向度有中度相關,下肢活動功能則未和任何分向度有關;自我概念及其他分向度的生活品質亦未隨著肢體功能的退化而下降。結論:SMA/DMD兒童青少年雖可能因疾病、肢體的限制,喪失部分生活事務及團體活動的參與機會,但相對有較多來自家庭的包容與保護,外界對患者的標準與期待也較為彈性。此外,漸進式的病程可能使患者有較足夠的時間逐步適應漸漸改變的生活型態,讓患者有自我調適的空間,因此SMA/DMD兒童青少年在自我概念及生活品質並非如同外界所預期的較一般人差。

並列摘要


Background and objectives: Both spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) and Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) are rare genetic disease, and are the two most common diseases in children with neuromuscular diseases. Individuals with SMA/DMD showed progressive course, and there are still no cure for SMA/DMD so far. Until now, few studies examine the self-concept and quality of life in adolescents with SMA/DMD in Taiwan. Therefore, the main purpose of the present study is to investigate features of the self-concept and quality of life in adolescents with SMA/DMD. Besides, we also examined the relationships between impairments of limbs function and self-concept and quality of life in adolescents with SMA/ DMD. Methods: There are 71 participants (11-17 y/o) who are divided into three groups as follow: SMA/DMD adolescents (n = 33, 13.09 ± 1.89 y/o), normal age-matched siblings of SMA/DMD participants (n = 16, 13.69 ± 1.85 y/o), and healthy adolescents (n = 24, 12.50 ± 1.50 y/o). Three assessment tools were used, including Tennessee Self-Concept Scale (TSCS: 2S), Comprehensive Quality of Life Scale (ComQoL), and Functional Grades for Arms and Legs. Results: The results show that self-concept of SMA/DMD adolescents is better than healthy adolescents in general; There are no significance difference between SMA/DMD adolescents and healthy adolescents on scores of objective ComQoL, but SMA/DMD adolescents get higher scores on material, productivity and emotional aspect of subjective ComQoL. Besides, there are moderate correlation between function of upper extremity and the health aspect of objective ComQoL, intimacy, safety aspect of subjective ComQoL. Function of lower extremity is not correlated to either self-concept or quality of life. Conclusion: Overall, the self-concept and quality of life in SMA/DMD adolescents are better than we thought, possibly because they could develop psychological coping mechanisms in this progressive course of the disease.

參考文獻


中文文獻
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周莉莉、王如華、陳錫洲(2000)。脊髓性肌肉萎縮症。國防醫學,13(6),759-764。

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