自2004年人類基因體計畫(International Human Genome Sequence Consortium)完成後,發現在人體中僅約2萬個蛋白質編碼基因,所占的量不到人類基因序列的2%,而在細胞當中沒有經過轉譯(translation),稱為無編碼核糖核酸(non-coding RNA)。根據文獻指出這些分子參與細胞生理的調控並與許多疾病機制有關。無編碼核糖核酸可依功能、表現位置、序列片段大小等方式分類;而可分為小片段無編碼核糖核酸(small non-coding NRA)及大片段無編碼核糖核酸(long non-coding NRA)。 微粒分子(exosome vesicles)是起源自血管細胞,可被釋放至循環系統,運送分子至另一個細胞當中作用。 Exosome攜帶分子在不同細胞間傳遞,其中包含了microRNA。micorRNA則藉由與exosome的結合避免被核酸酶(nuclease)分解。文獻指出與腫瘤相關的microRNA可以藉由與循環系統當中的微粒分子(exosome vesicles)結合而躲過核酸酶(nuclease)的作用,臨床上認為microRNA在血清當中可以穩定的表現,可做為臨床診斷的一個依據。而本次實驗樣本試著從血清當中萃取RNA,並探討是否能夠偵測到片段序列超過5000的無編碼核糖核酸相關的片段表現。 本篇論文血清當中的核糖核酸的變化,並以t-test統計分析是否具有統計上的意義,並且利用螢光染色及染色體免疫共沉澱探討大片段無編碼核糖核酸在細胞當中可能扮演的角色作用。從實驗結果發現位於15號染色體上的BX538250與細胞核當中的cajal body、PML body等次核體相互作用,在細胞當中可能扮演連接這些次核體的骨架分子。
After human genome project, the results show that there are only 2% of sequences that can go through transcription, translation and encode protein, but most of the sequences are transcripted to non coding RNA. In the recent years,there are many studies showing that non-coding RNAs play an important role in cell biology of cell and development of diseases。 Non- coding RNAs are sorted into two parts by size. One is the size less than 200 nucleotides which is called short non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs), the other on is more than 200 nucleotides called which is called long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs).Recently studies shown that micorRNA can may detected in serum , we assume that the lncRNAs may also be detected in serum. In this study we extracted RNA from serum and then explored the mechanism of the lncRNAs.