男性居家服務員性別角色、工作特性與工作滿意度之研究

本研究旨在了解目前男性居家照顧服務員之性別角色、工作特性及工作滿意度現況，並進一步分析不同個人屬性於男性居家照顧服務員工作特性及工作滿意度之影響，同時探討男性居家照顧服務員對工作滿意度之知覺是否與工作特性、性別角色等變項相關。本研究採取調查問卷之量化研究方法，對目前全臺灣159家照顧服務提供的單位在職的男性居家照顧服務員進行調查，總共收回有效問卷408份。資料處理採用之統計方法包括敘述性統計、t檢定、單因子變異數分析、相關分析與逐步多元迴歸分析。研究結果發現：（一）男性居家照顧服務員的基本資料中顯示以51-50歲、高中職教育程度、信仰佛教、平均收入介於20,001-30,000元之間、照顧總年資在3年以下，未持有照顧服務員證照、服務於都會城市的已婚男性居多。（二）不同平均收入、服務區域及是否考取丙級技能檢定等變項之男性居家照顧服務員在工作特性認知上有顯著差異。（三）不同年齡、宗教信仰等變項之男性居家照顧服務員在工作滿意度知覺上有顯著差異。（四）不同性別角色變項之男性居家照顧服務員在工作滿意度知覺上有顯著差異。（五）男性居家照顧服務員之工作特性與工作滿意度之間有顯著中等程度相關。（六）男性居家照顧服務員之工作特性、性別角色對工作滿意度具有預測力。本研究最後根據研究結果提出各項建議，以供以政府有關部門、照顧服務提供單位、居家照顧服務員以及後續研究之參考。

關鍵字

男性居家照顧服務員；性別角色；工作特性；工作滿意度

並列摘要

The purpose of this study were to explore the male home care workers’ gender role, job characteristic and job satisfaction, as well as rimpacts of demographics characteristic on job characteristic and job satisfaction, also explore relation of gender role, job characteristic and joe satisfaction. The study used a cross-section survey, which included 408 male home care workers working in 159 male care service facilities in Taiwan. The survey were analyzed by descriptive characteristic, t-test, ANOVA, correlation analysis and step multple regression. The results of this study were as follows: Firstly, the age of male home care workers are from 51-50, half of them graduated from high school and Buddhist. The average income is between $20,001 and $30,000. The years of their experience are less than 3 years. Most them working in cities, married and did not receive the Taiwan Nursing Certificate. Secondary, difference in average income, working area and Taiwan Nursing Certificate will cause significant difference on job characteristic among male home care workers. Thirdly, difference in age and religon will cause significant difference on job characteristic among male home care workers. Forthly, difference in gender role will cause significant difference on job characteristic among male home care workers. Firhtly, there is a medium correlationship between job characteristic and job satisfaction. Sixthly, male home care workers’ gender role and job characteristic are predictive variables for job satisfaction.