情緒處理能力評量表之發展：癌症病患情緒處理能力、罹癌影響知覺、與情緒適應間關聯之探討

The development of Emotional Processing Rating Scale: A study of the relationships among emotional processing capabilities, perceived cancer influence, and emotional adaptation in cancer patients

林紀宇(Chi-Yu Lin)

指導教授 ： 謝碧玲

高雄醫學大學/人文社會科學院/心理學系碩士班/碩士(2013年)

摘要

罹患癌症為一顯著壓力，其生活各面向受到影響，亦可能導致病患情緒困擾，故了解癌症病患之情緒處理歷程與其適應之關聯是重要的，可供後續癌症病患介入與適應評估之參考。過去研究顯示，面臨癌症診斷，病患不僅是有負向適應歷程，亦有可能朝向正向適應。本研究目的有二，其一使用情緒處理歷程評量表，以癌症病患為樣本，建立信效度；其二，了解癌症病患情緒處理能力與正負向適應歷程之關聯。
根據情緒處理理論，情緒處理分為情緒覺察、情緒調節、情緒反思與轉化歷程，而情緒處理能力高的個體，會有較佳的情緒適應結果。本研究以情緒處理理論為基礎，並綜合癌症適應與正向成長相關理論做討論，探討情緒處理能力於癌症正負向適應歷程之關聯。
本研究採立意取樣，邀請共123名病患參與研究。患者進行15分鐘的訪談，了解癌症診斷之情緒處理歷程，訪談內容將評分者由情緒能力晤談版評量表進行評定。訪談過後，請個案填寫癌症影響量表、醫院焦慮憂鬱量表、生活滿意度量表、正負向情緒量表。利用皮爾遜積差相關分析與結構方程模型，確認情緒處理歷程評量表之信效度，了解情緒處理能力與適應歷程之關聯。
研究結果顯示，情緒處理歷程評量表具信效度，情緒處理能力與適應效標具顯著相關，且不同情緒能力與不同適應歷程有關：情緒調節能力與病患正向卅負向適應歷程皆有關連，其可調整負面影響的認知與增進正向情緒適應；情緒反思、轉化能力與病患之正向適應歷程較有關係。綜合而言，情緒處理歷程評量表可供為後續癌症病患情緒處理能力評估，並做其適應歷程之預測，做後續適性之臨床心理介入。

關鍵字

癌症適應 ； 情緒處理歷程 ； 評量式量表 ； 情緒處理能力

並列摘要

Suffering from cancer is a significant stressor. Cancer patients’ life domains and emotions would be affected by the illness. It’s important to explore the relationships among patients’ emotional processing and their adaptation for further intervention and adaptation assessments. According to the research, when facing cancer diagnosis, patients not only have negative adaptations, but also positive ones. This study have two purposes, first, using emotional processing rating scale as a tool, assessing cancer patients’ emotional processing capability, trying to establish the reliability and validity of this scale ; second, explore the relationship between emotional processing capabilities of positive and negative adaptation processes.
According to emotional processing theory, there are four processes (emotional awareness, emotional regulation, emotional reflection, and emotional transformation).Individual with higher emotional processing capabilities would have better emotional adaption outcome. This study is based on emotional processing theory, further discussing cancer adaptation theory and posttraumatic growth related theory, trying to explore the relationship between emotional processing capabilities and positive/negative adaptation process.
This study was using purposive sampling. Researcher invited 123 cancer patients to this study. Researcher interviewed the patients for 15 minutes, tried to collect the emotional processing of cancer diagnosis. After the interview, emotional processing capability was rated by using emotional processing rating scale. Patients then filled out the Percieved Cancer Influence scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Life Satisfaction Scale, and Positive/Negative Emotion Scale. Correlation analysis was conducted to establish the reliability and validity.The relationship among emotional capabilities and adaption processing was explored by using structural equation modeling.
The results suggested that the scale was reliable and valid. There was significant correlation between emotional processing capabilities and adaptation processing. Emotional regulation capability was correlated with both positive and negative adaptation processes: It can improve positive emotional adaptation and change the cognition of negative influences; emotional reflection, transformation capabilities were correlated with positive adaption process. The result showed that emotional processing rating scale is an appropriate tool to assessing cancer patients’ emotional processing capabilities. By using this scale, we can predict patients’ adaptation processes and conduct a suitable clinical psychological plan in the future.

並列關鍵字

Cancer adaptation ； emotional processing ； rating scale ； emotional processing capability

參考文獻

Anderson, J. C., & Gerbing, D. W. (1988). Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach. Psychological Bulletin, 103(3), 411-423. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.103.3.411

Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173-1182. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173

Gross, J. J., & John, O. P. (2003). Individual differences in two emotion regulation processes: Implications for affect, relationships, and well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(2), 348-362. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.85.2.348

McDonald, R. P., & Ho, M.-H. R. (2002). Principles and practice in reporting structural equation analyses. Psychological Methods, 7(1), 64-82. doi: 10.1037/1082-989x.7.1.64

Pennebaker, J. W. (1997). Writing about emotional experiences as a therapeutic process. Psychological Science, 8(3), 162-166. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.1997.tb00403.x