台灣市售十種中藥材(吉林參、蟲草、金銀花、白芍、甘草、肉桂、羌活、續斷、大黃)之六種重金屬含量調查

Determination of Trace Heavy Metals Contained in the Ten Commercial Chinese Herbs

羅寶麗(Pao-Li Lo)

指導教授 ： 余建志

高雄醫學大學/藥學院/藥學研究所碩士在職專班/碩士(2004年)

摘要

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中文摘要
本研究以火燄式原子吸收光譜儀（Flame Atomic Absorption
Spectrophotometer，FAAS）針對市售十種中藥材檢測砷、汞、銅、
鉛、鎘和鋅等六種微量重金屬元素。首先就台灣北中南三區市售
藥材樣品進行外觀、組織切片、薄層層析等品質與基原之確認而
後進行微量重金屬之分析。分析結果顯示，十項中藥藥材所測得
的六種重金屬元素含量均未逾越法定的安全值。銅、鉛、鎘、鋅、
砷、汞等六種重金屬的最高含量值分別存在於金銀花
(14.85ppm)、續斷(6.95ppm)、續斷(0.37ppm)、續斷(36.34ppm)、
蟲草(3.07ppm)、吉林參(0.09ppm)。十項中藥材個別的最高含量
重金屬種類及含量則分別為吉林參(鋅，15.94ppm)、蟲草(銅，
11.26ppm)、金銀花(鋅，33.63ppm)、白芍(銅，3.77ppm)、甘草(銅，
6.76ppm)、肉桂(鉛，2.08ppm)、白芷(鋅，19.23ppm)、羌活(鋅，
20.36ppm)、續斷(鋅，36.34ppm)、大黃(鋅，5.66ppm)；上述結
果顯示：該十種中藥材的重金屬含量最高值排行主要集中於鋅元
素(60%，十種藥材中佔了六種)與銅元素(30%)。而在六種重金屬
的含量總值方面則以金銀花(55.55ppm)與續斷(54.59ppm)為最
高，而且六種重金屬的含量最大歧異性也同樣出現在金銀花與續
斷兩種藥材。
關鍵詞：中藥材，薄層層析，微量重金屬，原子吸收光譜法

關鍵字

薄層層析 ； 中藥材 ； 微量重金屬 ； 原子吸收光譜法

並列摘要

Six heavy metal trace elements (As, Hg, Cu, Pb, Cd, and Zn) in
general Chinese herbs were analyzed by Flame Atomic Absorption
Spectrophotometer (FAAS). Ten Chinese herbs were focused and
studied by a variety of methods (appearance observation, microscopic
examination of tissue pieces, and thin layer chromatography) for the
quality and matrix confirmation. In addition, the amounts variation of
the six heavy metal trace elements in the herbs planted in north, middle,
and south Taiwan were investigated. Our results revealed that all the
amounts of the 6 trace elements contained in the 10 Chinese herbs are
lower than the safety cutoff values set among countries, but are quite
variable. The highest amount of the heavy metals of Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn,
As, and Hg was detected from Flos Lonicerae (14.85ppm), Radix
Dipsaci(6.95ppm), Radix Dipsaci(0.37ppm), Radix Dipsaci (36.34ppm),
Cordyceps (3.07ppm), and Radix Ginseng (0.09ppm), respectively On
the other hand, the largest amount of heavy metal contained in the 10
individual Chinese herb was as described: Radix Ginseng(Zn,
15.94ppm), Cordyceps (Cu, 11.26ppm), Flos Lonicerae(Zn, 33.63ppm),
Radix Paeoniae Alba(Cu, 3.77ppm), Radix Glycyrrhizae(Cu, 6.76ppm),
Cortex Cinnamomi(Pb, 2.08ppm), Radix Angelicae Dahuricae(Zn,
19.23ppm), Rhizoma Notopterygii(Zn, 20.36ppm), Radix Dipsaci(Zn,
36.34ppm), and Radix et Rhizoma Rhei (Zn, 5.66ppm). Interestingly,
the heavy metal detected from the 10 herbs with highest value was
found to be Zn (60%, 6 out of 10) and Cu (30%, 3 out of 10). The
largest value of sum-up amount of the 6 metals was identified to be Flos
Lonicerae (totally, 55.55ppm) and Radix Dipsaci (totally, 54.59ppm).
The amount variation of the 6 metals contained in the 10 herbs was also
found to be the Flos Lonicerae and the Radix Dipsaci.
Key word: Chinese herbs (Chinese medicine), thin layer chromatography,
heavy metal trace elements, Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer

並列關鍵字

thin layer chromatography ； Chinese herbs (Chinese medicine) ； Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ； heavy metal trace elements

參考文獻

參考文獻：

1.許鴻源等合著，簡明藥材學，新醫藥出版社，1985,pp.407.

2.黃泰康主編，常用中藥成份與藥理手冊，中國醫藥科技出版社，

1994，pp.15.

3.顏正華主編，中藥學，知音出版社，1998，pp.729.