衍生化氣相層析法對人體尿液中甲苯、二甲苯及苯乙稀代謝物之分析研究

Determination of the Metabolites of Toluene, Xylene and Styrene in Human Urine by Derivatization-Gas Chromatography

洪碩詣(Sao-Yi Hong)

指導教授 ： 柯黃盛

高雄醫學大學/藥學院/藥學研究所/碩士(2005年)

摘要

苯乙烯(styrene)、甲苯(toluene)、二甲苯(xylene)。都是目前在工業上非常廣泛被使用的有機溶媒。目前用來評估這些溶媒暴露量的最好方法，就是監測它們在人體尿液中的代謝產物：mandelic acid (MA)、hippuric acid (HA)及o-, m-, p-methyl- hippuric acid (o-, m-, p-MHA)的濃度，因為這些代謝物與溶媒暴露量有明顯的相對關係。
本研究就是利用一衍生化反應配合氣相層析法，對於廣泛被使用的有機溶媒的代謝產物：MA、HA及o-, m-, p-MHA建立一簡單且高感度之微量分析法。利用它們與親電子性衍生試劑2-(pentafluorophenoxy)ethyl 2-(piperidino)ethanesulfonate (PFPES),　在碳酸鉀與18-crown-6 ether為催化劑下進行勻相衍生反應，形成具有良好電子親和性之衍生產物；所得之衍生物利用毛細管氣相層析儀來分離，以電子捕獲型檢測器(electron capture detector， ECD)進行偵測。
影響待測物衍生化反應之諸多因素，如碳酸鉀之需要量、18-crown-6 ether濃度、反應時間及溫度、衍生試劑濃度等，皆有詳加探討。本法可應用於人體尿液中MA、HA及o-, m-, p-MHA之分析，尿液中之定量範圍分別是15-600 uM (MA)、0-420 uM (HA)、28-420 uM (o-MHA)、21-420 uM (m-MHA)、21-420 uM (p-MHA)。在同日間及異日間的相對標準偏差(R.S.D.)分別小於6.63 % (MA)、9.20 % (HA)、7.28 % (o-MHA)、8.18 % (m-MHA)及7.25 % (p-MHA)。其萃取相對回收率均分別大於98.5 % (MA)、98.7 % (HA)、96.3 % (o-MHA)、97.6 % (m-MHA)及98.7 % (p-MHA)以上，可見本法具有良好之定量可靠性，可應用於人體尿液中MA、HA及o-, m-, p-MHA之含量測定。

關鍵字

甲苯 ； 二甲苯 ； 氣相層析法 ； 苯乙稀

並列摘要

Toluene, xylene and styrene are widely used as organic solvents in industry. The best estimation for assessment of mixed exposure to these solvents is the quantitative determination of their metabolites, mandelic acid (MA), hippuric acid (HA) and o-, m-, p-methyl- hippuric acid (o-, m-, p-MHA) excreted in urine. They show good correlation between the level of exposure and amount of metabolites excreted.
The study is based on the derivatization coupled with gas chromatography to establish a simple and selective method developed for the quantitative analysis of MA, HA and o-, m-, p- MHA. The metabolites were derivatized with 2-(pentafluorophenoxy)ethyl 2-(piperidino)ethanesulfonate (PFPES) in a homogeneous system, using potassium carbonate and 18-crown-6 ether as reaction activators. The resulting derivatives of metabolites were analyzed by capillary Gas Chromatography with an electron-capture detector (ECD).
Several parameters affecting the partition/derivatization of MA, HA and o-, m-, p-MHA extracted from spiked urine such as the amount of potassium carbonate, the concentration of 18-crown-6 ether, the concentration of derivatizating agent, the reaction temperature and reaction time were discussed. The quantitative applicability of the method to determination of MA, HA and o-, m-, p-MHA were evaluated at five concentrations over the range of 15-600 uM (MA), 0-420 uM (HA), 28-420 uM (o-MHA), 21-420 uM (m-MHA) and 21-420 uM (p-MHA). The intraday relative standard deviation (n=5) and the interday relative standard deviation (n=5) were all less than 6.63 % for MA, 9.20 % for HA, 7.28 % for o-MHA, 8.18 % for m-MHA and 7.25 % for p-MHA in urine. The relative recoveries were all greater than 98.5 % for MA, 98.7 % for HA, 96.3 % for o-MHA, 97.6 % for m-MHA and 98.7 % for p-MHA. Application of the method to the analysis of MA, HA and o-, m-, p-MHA in human urine is being evaluated.

並列關鍵字

Gas Chromatography ； Styrene ； Xylene ； Toluene

參考文獻

伍、參考文獻

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