臺灣地區人口消長與死亡率之關係

Population Change and Mortality in Taiwan

黃詩雅(Shih-Ya Huang)

指導教授 ： 楊俊毓

高雄醫學大學/健康科學院/公共衛生學研究所/碩士(2005年)

摘要

研究目的 : 本研究的目的在探討臺灣各鄉鎮市區人口消長情形與地區死亡率之關係。
研究設計 : 本研究使用1985年與1995年「臺閔地區人口統計」中的人口資料與1990年-2003年行政院衛生署死亡資料檔，進行橫斷的區位研究法。
研究對象 : 台灣351個鄉鎮市區
結果測量 : 全死因年齡別標準化死亡率、死因別年齡別標準化死亡率(全癌症、腦血管疾病、心臟病、糖尿病)
研究結果 : 1.人口萎縮地區比人口成長地區有較高的年齡別標準化死亡率，但未達統計上顯著意義。
2.男性全癌症年齡標準化死亡率在人口萎縮地區比人口成長地區高，且有逐漸擴大的情形，具統計顯著意義。
3.同樣的，女性糖尿病年齡標準化死亡率在人口萎縮地區比人口成長地區高，且有逐漸擴大的情形，具統計顯著意義。
4.此外，男性及女性的心臟病年齡標準化死亡率在人口萎縮地區及人口成長地區之間的差異，有逐漸縮小的情形，有達到統計上顯著意義。
結論 : 我們的研究顯示臺灣地區人口萎縮地區死亡率較高，要改善地區間健康上的不平等，政府在分配地區資源時，應考量地區的產業發展及居民未來的生活能力與機會，合理分配有限的資源，以改善地區間健康不平等的問題。

關鍵字

人口消長 ； 死亡率

並列摘要

Objective — To examine the relationship between the level of area population change and the mortality in Taiwan.
Design —Ecological cross-sectional study using the data on population were from the Taiwan-Fukien Demographic Fact Book for 1985 and 1995 and the data on mortality from Department of Health for 1990-2003.
Setting — 351 townships in Taiwan
Main outcome measures — All-cause age standardized mortality and cause-specific age standardized mortality rate(malignant neoplasms, cerebrovascular disease, heart disease, diabetes mellitus).
Result — 1.The age standardized mortality rate was higher in shrinking than in growing areas, however it was not statistically significant.
2. The gradient of male age standardized mortality rate of malignant neoplasms between shrinking and growing areas increased gradually, and it was statistically significant .
3. In addition, the gradient of female age standardized mortality rate of diabetes mellitus between shrinking and growing areas increased gradually, and it also was statistically significant .
4. In contrast, the gradient of male and female age standardized mortality rate of cerebrovascular disease between shrinking and growing areas decreased gradually, and it was statistically significant.
Conclusion — In Taiwan, the mortality rate was higher in shrinking areas. For reducing the health inequality among towns, the government should consider the local socioeconomic development and the chance and ability of residents when enforcing resources distribution in social and health policy.

並列關鍵字

population change ； mortality

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