目的:輪班作業是現代高科技產業一種目前常見的工作型態,分固定式四班二輪制工作人員及換班式輪班人員人員,其中超過九成作業人員為女性(半導體產業)。月經週期與型態是女性健康和生殖能力的指標,也是女性重要生理時鐘。月經週期的特性也反應她們內在內分泌環境,可能與很多慢性病有關聯。輪班作業可能導致人體內在生理時鐘移位及混亂,而影響女性員工之月經週期及導致內分泌系統功能異常,以致可能影響生殖能力。 材料與方法:本研究以縱貫法(longitudinal study)方式,為期8個月,收集南部某電子公司輪班女性人員為研究組及以正常班女性員工為對照組,建立其基本資料及相關月經史、生殖史,並以每月填寫月經問卷方式,追蹤2個換班週期(8個月),比較輪班與正常班人員之差別及其相關因子之探討。 結果:正常班組49人,收集117個月經週期。輪班組280人,收集1135個月經週期,總共1252個月經週期。正常班與輪班人員在平均月經週期天數與出血天數,均無統計上顯著差異。但在異常月經週期(<24天或>35天)方面,發現輪班組確實較正常班更顯異常(P=0.04),且達統計上顯著差異。藉由邏輯斯迴歸分析,在調整其他干擾因子後,發現輪班組比正常班組在異常月經週期天數方面有較高的危險比(OR=1.71, 95% CI=1.03-2.88),且達統計上顯著差異。 結論:高科技產業為持續生產,大量進用生育年齡層女性勞工從事輪班工作,本研究發現輪班作業確實會影響月經週期,而月經週期的異常可以視為職業環境影響女性生殖的一項有效指標,因此,月經週期的型態可視為適應輪班的健康指標之一,提供職業衛生健康管理之參考。
Background: The shift work is a common working type of high-tech industries and 9.3% female workers are belong to shift-work labors in Taiwan. Regular menstruation cycle and pattern reflect the reproductive and endocrine functions of a woman. Circadian pattern may be changed by rotating shift-work which may cause irregular menstruation, prolong menstruation and endocrine function disorder. Objective:To investigate the prevalence of irregular menstruation of 4-shift-2-rotate shift workers. Design : longitudinal study. Setting :Staffs of a photoelectron company in the Tainan Science Park in Taiwan . Participation: 329 employees (49 day workers, 280 4-shift-2-rotate shift workers) who were 16-45y/o women. Results:The shift women had the higher oligomenorrhea than day time workers. After adjustment for confounders, compared with day worker odds, 1.71(1.03-2.88).We concluded rotate work is associated with irregular menstrual cycle. Conclusion:The 4-shift-2-rotate shift workers have highly irregular menstrual cycles compared with day time workers. Moreover, the increasing is statistically significantly.