情緒辨識功能之探討

日常生活的經驗中常常可以看到不經由語言傳達的微妙或強烈情緒，在情緒性非語言溝通中，又以臉部表情為人類溝通的強而有利刺激。透過臉部表情探討情緒辨識功能與大腦之關聯，國外在這領域的研究已著手多年並已發展一些測驗工具，然因情緒辨識功能的複雜性，與情緒辨識功能有關之腦部區域未有定論。故本研究運用Lesion Study方式探討情緒辨識功能與大腦皮質之關係。本研究的目的為：（1）透過情緒辨識測驗，探討大腦皮質損傷與情緒辨識功能障礙之關係，進而驗證相關理論，（2）運用情緒辨識測驗篩檢大腦皮質病變患者。研究對象為正常人31名及31名大腦皮質病變以電腦斷層攝影(Computed Tomography)或磁振造影(Magnetic Resonance Imaging)上可見直徑≧1.5公分之非腔隙性病灶並排除病灶於小腦或腦幹病變之患者，進行一系列認知功能、圖形區辨能力、視結構能力、空間知覺能力、情緒辨識能力與行為症狀之評估。結果顯示，情緒辨識為一複雜之功能，左、右半球對於情緒辨識功能都有貢獻，另外此功能不只涉及單一腦葉，其中以額葉、頂葉與情緒辨識功\能較有關聯，進一步分析發現其與右側額葉、左右側頂葉較有關聯。最後，以情緒辨識測驗四個分作業為區辨指標時，較能正確區別額葉、頂葉病變患者與正常人，然在區辨枕葉病變患者與正常人之敏感度仍嫌不足，雖然以情緒辨識測驗四個分作業作為區辨指標，其正確分類的機率提高，但在臨床上，仍不適合單獨用來篩選腦葉病變患者。

關鍵字

情緒辨識；臉部辨識；中風

並列摘要

There are various tender or strong emotions without through words in our daily lives. In nonverbal communications of emotion, “facial expression” is one of the most important methods in interpersonal communication. The related researches between facial expression and emotion-recognition function of the brain are developed with tests for years. Because of the complexity of the emotion-recognition function the area of this function in the brain are not defined well yet. This study carries out the “Lesion Study” to explore the relationship between emotion-recognition function and cerebral localization. The purposes of this study were: (1.) to understand the relationship between lesion site and facial emotion recognition, and then to verify the related theory, (2.) to use the Emotion Recognition Test to examine patients with cerebral cortex damage. There were each 31 normal participants and patients with lesion larger than 15mm in the cortex. These participants were estimated by a series of tests: cognitive function, figure-division ability, visual structure ability, spatial cognitive ability and emotional divisive ability, and behavioral symptoms. The result confirmed that both hemispheres contributed to emotion-recognition function, which was very complicated. Besides, emotion-recognition function did not only affect single lobe. The further analysis in this research found that the right frontal lobe and bilateral parietal lobes had tighter influence to the emotion-recognition function. Finally, using Emotion Recognition Test could distinguish accurately between frontal-lobe patient and the normal or parietal-lobe patient and the normal. However, it was still insufficient for the sensitivity to distinguish between occipital-lobe patients and the normal. The probability of correct division increased by using Emotion Recognition Test, nevertheless, it did not suit to sift out the brain-damaged patients without other tests in clinical research.