不同智力之自閉症類群障礙症兒童與青少年於情緒行為與社交功能之差異

本研究主要目的在於了解自閉症類群障礙症的兒童與青少年，其中智力正常與智力障礙的個案，在情緒行為與社交功能上的差異性。收案對象為於2009 年8 月1 日至2012 年7 月31 日至高雄醫學大學附設中和紀念醫院就診之六至十八歲兒童及青少年，並且經兒童精神科醫師診斷為自閉症類群障礙症者，且期間曾接受過魏氏兒童智力測驗第四版（WISC-IV）測驗，另外個案之家長也同時完成社會反應量表（SRS）及阿肯巴克實證衡鑑系統之行為評量表（CBCL）者。共有152 位個案進入分析。將收入研究之個案區分為兩組：智力正常組（FSIQ ≥ 70 分者）與智力障礙組（FSIQ < 70 分），分別比較兩組於社會反應量表（SRS）各次量表與總分、阿肯巴克實證衡鑑系統之行為評量表（CBCL）家長版DSM 量尺與症狀量尺之間的差異性。結果顯示：152 位個案中，共有112 位為智力正常（全量表智商 ≥70）者，佔72.37%。在SRS 總分（P=0.028）、社交動機（social motivation）（P=0.04）及社交認知（social cognition)（P=0.004）項目達統計顯著差異；在CBCL 症狀量尺部分，在焦慮卅憂鬱（P=0.047）、社交問題（P=0.013）、激動行為（P=0.006）、外顯行為（P=0.025）、整體問題（P=0.024）等項目達統計顯著差異；在DSM 診斷量尺部分，注意力缺陷卅過動（P=0.02）、對立反抗（P=0.008）及創傷壓力症候群（P=0.039）等項目達統計顯著差異。結果發現：智力正常的自閉症障礙症候群個案，在社交功能上，以社交動機、社交認知及整體社交功能上的表現較佳；另外比較容易出現焦慮、社交問題、激動行為、外顯行為以及整體問題、注意力缺陷卅過動、對立反抗與創傷性壓力症候群之相關情緒行為問題。

關鍵字

自閉症類群障礙症；情緒行為；社交功能

並列摘要

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the difference between emotional/behavioral symptoms and social function in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder with different intellectual functioning. Methods: A total of 152 children and adolescents aged between 6 and 18 years old participated in this study. All participants were diagnosed of autism spectrum disorder by the child psychiatrist. Each participant completed the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Fourth Edition, (WISC-IV) to evaluate his intellectual function, and their parents completed the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and The Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) to understand their motional/behavioral symptoms and social function. We divided all articipants into two groups by Full-scale IQ (FSIQ) 70. Results: Participants with normal FSIQ (FSIQ≥70) showed better unction in SRS total score (P=0.028), social motivation (P=0.04), and social cognition (P=0.004). In addition, Participants with normal FSIQ (FSIQ≥70) were more likely to have anxiety/depressed (P=0.047), social problems (P=0.013), aggressive behavior (P=0.006), externalizing behavior (P=0.025), total problems (P=0.024), and attention deficit/hyperactivity(P=0.02), oppositional defiant disorder(P=0.008) and posttraumatic stress disorder(P=0.039). Conclusions: Children and adolescents of autism spectrum disorder with different intellectual functioning do have difference in emotional/behavioral symptoms and social function.

並列關鍵字

autism spectrum disorder ； emotional/behavioral symptoms ； social function

參考文獻

Achenbach, Thomas M., Rescorla, Leslie A., 陳怡群, 黃惠玲, & 趙家琛. (2009).阿肯巴克實證衡鑑系統(ASEBA)Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment (陳怡群, 黃惠玲 & 趙家琛, Trans.). 台灣: 心理出版社.