家長對兒童齒顎矯正治療行為調查-以南部某醫學大學兒童牙科門診為例

The evaluation of parents inclination in children orthodontic problems-At the Department of Pediatric Dentistry of a Medical University Hospital in Southern Taiwan

林玉涵(Yu-Han Lin)

指導教授 ： 陳弘森

高雄醫學大學/口腔醫學院/口腔衛生科學研究所碩士班/碩士(2007年)

摘要

研究背景：
異常咬合的發生是多數人必須面對的問題，透過異常咬合的早期發現早期治療，可以降低異常咬合隨時間惡化而造成將來不得已必須拔除某些恆齒與正顎手術的施行，而兒童的家長是治療的決定者，他們對治療的了解與支持是兒童異常咬合早期治療的關鍵，為了瞭解影響家長對兒童齒顎矯正治療認知、態度與利用的因素，便進行此次的研究調查。
研究目的：
瞭解家長對兒童齒顎矯正治療的認知、態度與治療的利用及其影響因素。
研究方法：
立意取樣200位南部某醫學大學兒童牙科門診部患者家長，以問卷進行面訪，並以JMP 5.1版統計套裝軟體建檔與分析。
研究結果：
研究結果發現，有58.16％的兒童有異常咬合的情形，其中有31.58％的兒童有接受齒顎矯正治療，治療的最初提議者以牙醫師為主，而治療的決定者則以母親為主。治療的動機以改善牙齒排列為最多，而治療費用過於昂貴則是不願治療的原因。研究結果也發現到家長的治療知識有普遍不足的情形發生。
此次調查並未發現治療利用與治療知識及態度有相關；而影響家長對兒童齒顎矯正治療認知的重要影響因素是家庭的總月收入與擔憂治療過程中會齲齒；兒童的看診習慣則是影響家長對兒童齒顎矯正治療態度的重要影響因素；兒童的年齡以及家長的治療經驗則是影響兒童齒顎矯正治療利用的重要影響因素。
結論與建議：
家長對兒童齒顎矯正治療的認知不足，建議衛生單位與牙醫學界可以多加宣導治療相關知識，以提升家長對齒顎矯正治療的注意。也建議牙醫師於看診時，多主動對有異常咬合的兒童家長提出治療建議，以提升家長對兒童治療接受的考慮。

關鍵字

兒童齒顎矯正治療 ； 認知 ； 態度

並列摘要

Background：
Malocclusion is a common problem occurs on lots of people. Early orthodontic treatment in children can effectively prevent the extraction of the permanent tooth and orthognathic surgery. Parents are the settler to orthodontic treatment for children. The key point to access early orthodontic treatment in children is determined by parents’ awareness and attitude. Therefore, the study was performed to understand the associated factors affecting parents’ awareness, attitude and access to orthodontic treatment in children.

Purpose：
The aim of this study was to evaluate the understanding and factors influencing the parents’ knowledge, attitude and their access of orthodontic treatment for children.

Method：
Two hundred parents visited pediatric dental department of a medical center in southern Taiwan had enrolled with agreement. They were interviewed with structural questionnaires. All data were recorded and analyzed with compact software JMP version 5.1.

Results：
58.16％ of children had malocclusion, among them, 31.58％ had ever received orthodontic treatment. The major motivation for orthodontic treatment is to improvement the arrangement of teeth, but the expensive fee let parent refused to access such treatment. Lacking of knowledge about orthodontic treatment in children of their parents was also observed.
There was no significant difference between knowledge, attitude, and orthodontic treatment experience in children. The orthodontic knowledge score was statistically significantly associated with factors such as average monthly family income and teeth decay during orthodontic treatment. The orthodontic attitude score was statistically significantly associated with the habit for visiting dental care. Furthermore, the orthodontic treatment experience in children was statistically significantly associated with factors including age of children and the orthodontic treatment experience in parents.

Conclusion and suggestions:
The results of this study showed that most of parents don’t understand knowledge about orthodontic treatment in children. We suggest announcing the importance of orthodontic treatment in children towards parents. Further, suggest dentists to propagate more orthodontic treatment need to parents who have malocclusion in children. It may enhance utilization rate of orthodontic treatment in children.

並列關鍵字

orthodontic treatment in children ； knowledge ； attitude

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