源於十六世紀末義大利佛羅倫斯的「美聲」 (Bel Canto) ,是一種唱法、風格和流派。美聲的呼吸支持、清晰咬字、明亮共鳴、聲區統一、技巧靈活等等要求,被認為是正宗的聲樂唱法,到了十七世紀末成為歐洲聲樂藝術的主流。本研究將以威爾第 (Giuseppe Verdi, 1813-1901) 歌劇《弄臣》 (Rigoletto) 中吉爾達 (Gilda) 的詠嘆調〈親愛的名字〉 (Caro Nome) 為例,探討義大利美聲唱法技巧與風格的發展與演變。全文共分三個部分,首先概述美聲的起源及發展,接著藉由歷史上重要的幾位聲樂教學大師的論著及教學方法來探討美聲的風格和技術要求,最後分析詠嘆調〈親愛的名字〉中的美聲技巧。
“Bel Canto” originated from Florence in the end of 16th century. It is a kind of vocal technique and school. Bel Canto is considered to be authentic vocal singing about breathing support, clear diction, bright resonance, blend register and flexible technique, and it became main current by the end of 17th century. This thesis will take ‘Caro Nome’ from Rigoletto by Giuseppe Verdi as an example to discuss the technical development of Bel Canto. There are three parts in this thesis. First, overview of the origin and the development of Bel Canto; furthermore, probe the technique of Bel Canto by some important master works and methods. Finally, analysis the technique of ‘Caro Nome’.