日本時代台北新公園研究

The Study of Taipei New Park in Japanese Period

蔡思薇(Szu-Wei Tsai)

指導教授 ： 林會承

國立臺北藝術大學/音樂學院學術論文/建築與古蹟保存研究所/碩士(2006年)

摘要

公園是源自於西方工業革命發展後的產物，後來亦成為去除封建，文明進步的象徵。日本將西方都市理論帶進臺灣後，公園的設立，除了都市衛生的需求外，身為日本第一個殖民地臺灣，公園更重要的意義，是帶有展示殖民地進步與教化的概念。
本論文以臺北新公園為研究對象。臺北新公園，出現於1900年的臺北市區計畫，相較於更早出現的圓山公園，因此稱為「新公園」。並因位於臺北城內中心，故又稱「臺北公園」。
新公園並不是臺灣最早出現的公園，卻是在市區計畫之中唯一徹底實現，甚至擴大用地的公園；另外，從新公園設施設置的過程，可以發現政治影響公園軸線與設計的痕跡；繼而討論公園內人為活動，研究新公園在日本時代的使用情形，究竟是服務民眾舒緩身心的休閒活動場所？還是瀰漫著無所不在的政治與教化氣氛？
相較於其他臺灣都市公園在用地、經費上的折衝，新公園因位居臺北城內統治核心，鄰近總督府與總督官邸，而與臺灣其他公園有著不一樣的命運。本論文從日本對新公園的理想談起，並實際以設施的設置與活動的舉辦，討論新公園的生成過程與性格養成的特殊性，並進一步瞭解新公園在日本時代所扮演的場所角色，將臺北新公園在日本時代的地位與設置意義做一釐清。

關鍵字

日治時期 ； 新公園 ； 臺北公園 ； 博物館 ； 二二八和平紀念公園

並列摘要

Originating as novelty after the Industrial Revolution in the West, the park has as well become a symbol of extirpation against feudalism, and of the modern civilization. After the Japanese introduced western theories of urbanism in Taiwan, which was the first colony of Japan, parks were established within, and which not only fulfilled the needs for urban hygiene, but what more significant was the gesture of demonstration in the developments of colony, and of the conception of edification.
This thesis aims at the Taipei New Park. The name of Taipei New Park was given in the urban planning of Taipei City in 1900, and it was addressed as such in comparison with the earlier established Yuanshan Park. It was also called as “Taipei Park” because it was located in the heart of the city.
Despite not being the first park in the island, the Taipei New Park is the only park thoroughly carried out as planned, and it even extended its territory. Through the process of installation of facilities in the park, clues indicating involvements of political powers, which influenced the axis and the designs, could be found. Focusing on the human activities in the park as a view point, this paper discusses what the New Park was like in use. Was it a lieu of leisure where citizens could stretch their body and relax their minds? Or was it a place under ubiquitous political and edifying climate?
In contrast with parks in other cities of Taiwan, where there were land and financial obstacles, the New Park situated within the heart of ruling authorities in Taipei, and was close to the governor’s office and its residence, thus had different fate. This thesis starts from the Japanese ideals upon the New Park, and further discusses about its foundation and uniqueness in features by looking into the facilities installed and activities held. Moreover, to understand the role of such place as the New Park during the Japanese governance, the status of the park and the significance of its establishment in the period would be clarified.

並列關鍵字

Japanese colonial period ； Taipei New park ； museum ； Taipei 228 Memorial Park

參考文獻

1990 〈臺中市中山公園空間內容變遷之探討〉《造園學報》7（1）：23-44。

1996〈從日治到戰後的臺北：一個都市性質轉變的歷史過程〉，《臺灣史研究》3（2）：5-50。

2003《公園の誕生》，東京都：吉川弘文館。

2005 《展示臺灣：權力、空間與殖民統治的形象表述》，台北：麥田。

1.期刊論文