- 學位論文
逾越禁忌的邊界—安德理斯．塞拉諾作品《尿尿基督》之探討
The Transgression of Boundary in Taboos- on Andres Serrano's Piss Christ
摘要
安德理斯．塞拉諾(Andres Serrano, 1950-)經常以邊緣化的事物作為創作主題，並且勇於挑戰困難複雜的議題，如宗教、死亡和性，而在他作品中對這些重大議題的獨特詮釋方式，更是顛覆社會既定的價值體系，甚至涉及到社會文化禁忌，因此其作品也產生許多的爭議。 本文以塞拉諾最受爭議的作品《尿尿基督》(Piss Christ, 1987)為主要探討對象，從作品曾引起的爭議事件出發，思索《尿尿基督》是否涉及褻瀆宗教的神聖象徵，或者其具有更深刻的藝術價值？筆者透過對塞拉諾創作脈絡的理解，分析宗教對他作品的深刻影響，從藝術創作、宗教觀點，以及社會文化等不同的角度，用多樣的觀點剖析此作品豐富的意涵。 除了針對以上角度剖析褻瀆的議題，本文並選擇以巴岱宜(Georges Bataille, 1897-1962)的逾越(transgression)理論切入，進一步分析《尿尿基督》的逾越特性，它挑戰神聖和世俗的既定界線，逾越禁忌的邊界，使得藝術創作擁有強大的顛覆動能。最後再就爭議事件的時代背景，探索藝術與政治、宗教的衝突關係，並指出《尿尿基督》的在此時代氛圍中所呈顯的特殊價值。
並列摘要
Andres Serrano usually employs marginalized affairs as themes of his creations, through which he daringly challenges controversial issues, such as religion, death, and sex. His unique style of interpreting these issues in his works subverted the pre-existing social values. Some of Serrano’s interpretations even involved taboos of social cultures, therefore his works provoked quite a few disputes. This thesis focuses on Serrano’s most controversial works, Piss Christ. Basing on the disputed issues of the Piss Christ, the study discusses whether the work implicates blasphemy against the holy symbol in religion, or whether it possesses profounder values of arts. Through interpreting Serrano’s creative artwork and analyzing the impact of religion on him, I analyzes the diverse meanings in this piece of artwork from different aspects, such as art making, religion, and social cultures. In addition to analysis on blasphemy from above mentioned aspects, the theory of transgression from Georges Bataille was chosen to further explore the element of transgression in Piss Christ. Serrano challenges the fixed boundary between ‘the sacred’ and ‘the profane’ and enables the creation of arts to have such powerful energy of subversion through boundary transgression. Finally, the thesis takes a closer observation on the historical background of the controversial events surrounding the Piss Christ by exploring the conflicting relationship between arts, politics and religion. The unique value of Piss Christ in this era will be fully portrayed .