當代音樂家的戰爭經驗與相關作品-以梅湘、荀貝格、潘德烈茨基與布瑞頓的作品為探討對象

Contemporary Composers' War Experiences and the Related Works: Case Studies on the Music of Messiaen, Schoenberg, Penderecki and Britten

賴彥陵(Yen-lin Lai)

指導教授 ： 顏綠芬

國立臺北藝術大學/音樂學院學術論文/音樂學研究所碩士班/碩士(2010年)

https://doi.org/10.6835/TNUA.2010.00135

摘要

戰爭所帶給人類的是毀滅與死亡，但是在歷史的洪流中，它卻一再地被重演。二十世紀初，隨著工業革命伴隨而來科技的進步，帝國主義興起，最後無可避免地發生了第一次與第二次世界大戰。戰爭的殘酷與血腥，使人類體認到生命的可貴；當然也激發了人類追求和平、渴望和平的一面。對生活在這樣時代氛圍，許多親身經驗世界大戰的作曲家，他們透過創作，將自己對於戰爭的感受、控訴與對和平的渴求，呈現在音樂作品之中。本文以梅湘的《世界末日四重奏》、荀貝格的《一個華沙生還者》、潘德烈茨基的《廣島受難者輓歌》與布瑞頓的《戰爭安魂曲》這四部作品為例，分析作品中的音樂語彙及特色，瞭解世界大戰的戰爭經驗對音樂家生命歷程的影響，並探討他們的音樂作品如何表現他們對於戰爭的感受與看法。

關鍵字

戰爭 ； 梅湘 (O. Messiaen) 的《世界末日四重奏》(Quatuor pour la Fin du Temps) ； 荀貝格 (A. Schoenberg) 的《一個華沙生還者》 (A Survivor from Warsaw) ； 潘德烈茨基 (K. Penderecki) 的《廣島受難者輓歌》(Threnody to the Victims of the Hiroshima) ； 布瑞頓 (B. Britten) 的《戰爭安魂曲》(War Requiem)

並列摘要

Wars have been reoccurring in human history, regardless of the fact that they have brought the world nothing but destruction and death. In early twentieth century, the rise of imperialism and industrial revolutions accelerated the developments in science and technology. These progressions, along with racial and political conflicts, inevitably led to the World Wars. The cruelty and bloody catastrophe of both World Wars have made people realize the preciousness and value of life. They have also stimulated people to desire and pursue peace. Composers who similarly experienced the World Wars have tried to present their feelings about wars, such as fear, sorrow, anger and anti-war attitudes, in their musical works. In this thesis, I will use Messiaen’s Quatuor pour la Fin du Temps, Schoenberg’s A Survivor from Warsaw, Penderecki’s Threnody to the Victims of the Hiroshima and Britten’s War Requiem as the cases to analyze the languages and characteristics expressed in their music. Furthermore, I would like to understand to what extent the experiences from the World Wars affected these composers’ lives; and how their musical works, in turn, reflected the composers’ feelings and views on wars.

並列關鍵字

War ； Messiaen’s Quatuor pour la Fin du Temps ； Schoenberg’s A Survivor from Warsaw ； Penderecki’s Threnody to the Victims of the Hiroshima ； Britten’s War Requiem

參考文獻

光啟文化，2004，初版。

陳威仰，〈布瑞頓音樂作品裡的東西融合–東方素材與西方宗教觀點〉，《藝術研究

Crittenden, Camille.‘Text and Contexts of A Survivor from Warsaw,Op.46.’, Political and Religious in the Works of Arnold Schoenberg. Ed. by Cross, C.M. & Berman, R.A. New York & London: Garland, 2000, pp.231~258.

Follmi, Beat A..‘"I Cannot Remember Everything". Eine narratologische Analyse von Arnold Schonbergs Kantate "A Survivor from Warsaw" op. 46’. Archiv fur Musikwissenschaft, 55. Jahrg., H. 1. 1998 , pp. 28-56.

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