台灣中小企業僕人式領導、工作投入與員工執行力關係模式之研究 －以組織信任為干擾變項

A Study of the Relationship Model among Servant Leadership, Job Involvement and Employee’s Execution for Small and Medium Enterprises in Taiwan－Organizational Trust as a Moderating Variable

林慧珮(Hui-Pei Lin)

指導教授 ： 李元墩

共同指導教授 ： 李汶娟

長榮大學/管理學院/經營管理研究所(博)/碩士(2007年)

摘要

長久以來，推動台灣經濟不斷成長的幕後英雄，正是中小企業；在面對全球化及知識化的挑戰及試煉下台灣中小企業之競爭力愈顯重要。然而，競爭力必須來自執行力。影響執行力的因素眾多其中領導者的領導型態正是其一，近年來，以部屬為中心的僕人式領導方式逐漸興盛，但卻多以學校及服務業作為主要研究對象；本研究則欲探討，僕人式領導者是否亦普遍存在於台灣中小企業各行業當中，而部屬在此種領導型態的帶動下是否會因組織信任存在而能提高其工作投入感，並進一步提升員工本身的執行力。故本研究透過文獻分析與專家諮詢，結合模糊德爾菲法、AHP層級分析法，自行建構出一份客觀嚴謹、且兼具信效度之的『台灣中小企業僕人式領導衡量量表』。
此外，再綜合組織信任、工作投入與員工執行力等變數量表，針對300家台灣中小企業之部屬發放問卷，採取主管部屬配對問卷，本研究採取分層立意抽樣方式共發出1,200份問卷，回收有效問卷365份，回收率為26.33％，再採變異數分析、迴歸分析、Person相關分析、層級迴歸分析與結構方程模式等統計方法加以驗證本研究假設與理論模式之配適程度。根據分析結果歸納出研究結論如下：1.僕人式領導對工作投入及員工執行力均有顯著正向關係，且均能產生顯著正向影響；2.工作投入對員工執行力有顯著正向關係，且能產生顯著正向影響；3. 整體關係模式具有良好之適配程度；4.僕人式領導會因組織信任之干擾作用對工作投入產生顯著正向影響。最後就本研究之結論與管理意涵作深入探討，並呈現具體之研究貢獻與建議，以供企業界及學術界參酌。

關鍵字

僕人式領導 ； 工作投入 ； 執行力 ； 組織信任 ； 台灣中小企業

並列摘要

For a long time, the hidden heroes stimulating the continuous growth of Taiwan’s economy are Small and Medium Enterprises (SMES) that consisting of the whole section of Taiwan business by over 97%. Under the challenge and confrontation of globalization and knowledge, the competitiveness of medium and small businesses seems increasingly important. However, the competitiveness must come from enforcement. The leadership styles of people in charge are one of the factors that influence enforcement. Recent years, the subordinate-center servant leadership is flourishing, but most targets of academic research are schools and service industry. This research studied on whether servant leaders commonly exist among Taiwan’s SMES. Moreover, it is possibly that under this type of leadership, organizational trust could not only enhance job involvement but increase the execution of subordinate. With through literature review and consultation with experts and quantitative methods (Fuzzy Delphi Method and Analytical Hierarchy Process（AHP）Method) to construct an objective and exact Measuring Scale on Servant Leadership among Small and Medium Enterprises in Taiwan. with high reliability and validity.
Furthermore, intervening variables organizational trust, job involvement and employee’s execution are added into this research. Also, the researcher chose 300 SMES in Taiwan to fill questionnaires. In order to prevent the situation of self-evaluation by employees in the part of “employee’s execution,” the researcher took managers-subordinates questionnaires and asked direct managers to complete the construct. After using stratified and purposive sampling, there were 365 effective questionnaires returned among 1200 questionnaires distributed. The usable returned rate was 26.33%. The data were analyzed by a variety of statistical methods, such as Pearson product-moment correlation analysis, regression analysis, hierarchical regression analysis, ANOVA and SEM to testify the hypotheses of this study and Fit-Appropriation model of theory building. According to the rearch result, the following conclusion is produced: 1. servant leadership has significant positive correlation and influence on job involvement and employee’s execution. 2. job involvement has significant positive correlation and influence on employee’s execution. 3. Good model fitness of relationship exists among each construct 4. servant leadership has a significant positive influence on job involvement of organizational trust with a moderating influence of job involvement. Finally, the researcher conducted thorough analysis on the conclusion of the research and meanings of management. she also provides concrete research contribution and suggestions for industrial and academia reference.

並列關鍵字

Servant Leadership ； Job Involvement ； Employee’s Execution ； Organizational Trust ； Small and Medium Enterprises

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