- 學位論文
以跨層次分析探討個人及團隊脈絡因素對創造力之影響：團隊氣候與社會認知觀點
A Cross-level Examination of Individual and Team Contextual Predictors on Creativity: A Team Climate and Social-cognitive Perspective
摘要
許多學者已逐漸提出創造力並非僅由個體的獨立運作所能產生的論點，而是需透過與團隊其他成員的互動方能達成，也引發本文的研究動機。有鑑於此，本文的研究目的是想透過彙整個人及團隊創造力文獻來提出一個研究架構與假設以彌補此一文獻上的研究缺口。本文試圖達成以下之研究目的：首先，本研究可增加對於在工作團隊中個人的積極性人格特質與創意自我效能對個人創造力之影響有更深入的理解。其次，先前的研究已指出團隊的氣候的確會影響個人創造力，創意的努力成果鮮少是完全來自單一個體的努力成果。相反地，創造力的展現往往是由於個體與其工作團隊成員間的互動所達成。因此在本研究中將近一步釐清團隊凝聚力及創意自我效能分別在團隊心理安全及積極性人格特質與創造力之關聯性中所扮演的中介角色。 過去在創造力領域的研究雖然發現個人與脈絡因素能有效預測創造力，但是在概念與理論上仍然有許多未釐清之處。因此本研究以台灣金融服務業中的724位員工(133個團隊)做為樣本對象，並採用階層線性模型分析(HLM)進行實證調查分析。 研究結果顯示：（1）員工的積極性人格特質會導致其創意自我效能的提昇。（2）員工的積極性人格特質會導致其創造力的提昇；而創意自我效能也同時在上述的關係中扮演中介的角色。（3）團隊心理安全將有利於團隊凝聚力的形成。（4）團隊心理安全對個體創造力會起強化作用；而團隊凝聚力也同時在上述的關係中扮演中介的角色。（5）最後，本研究綜合上述成果也得到團隊心理安全與個體創造力之間的另一種可能的影響路徑是團隊凝聚力與創意自我效能將在團隊心理安全與個體創造力之間產生序列中介的影響效果。
並列摘要
Many scholars have argued that creativity not only occurs as individuals work alone but also occurs as team members interact with each other. In view of this, the purpose of this study is to fill this gap in the literature by proposing a research framework that integrates both individual creativity literature and team creativity literature. To address this problem, a new research method based on integrating quantitative and qualitative methods is also proposed. In this study, we attempt to achieve to mains purposes. First, our study may increase better understanding of proactive personality and creative self-efficacy of individual toward individual creativity in the work teams. Second, prior studies have mentioned that team climate will affect creativity; creative efforts rarely result from the work of a single individual. Instead, creativity often emerges from individuals’ interactions with their work team members. In this study, we make further investigation by identifying the mediating effects of team cohesiveness and creative self-efficacy between team psychological safety/proactive personality and individual creativity. The essence of team cohesiveness is from psychological safety of team members, however, little is known about the process for psychological safety influence team cohesiveness and creative self-efficacy of individual. This study extending previous research on creativity, it was conducted to examine the effects personal and contextual characteristics on creativity in financial service industry, empirical data were collected from Taiwan's financial service sector, 724 individuals in 133 teams completed the questionnaires. Hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) was adopted to test the proposed Hypotheses. The results indicated that (1) employees with proactive personality will lead to more creative self-efficacy, (2) employees with proactive personality will lead to creativity and do so partially through creative self-efficacy, (3) team psychological safety are conducive to team cohesiveness, and (4) team psychological safety enhances creativity through fostering team cohesiveness. Finally, a comparison of alternative forms of relationship between team psychological safety and creativity supported the following chain of relationship: team psychological safety → team cohesiveness → creative self-efficacy → creativity.
參考文獻
延伸閱讀
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